基于HAL库的SPI学习总结

基于HAL库的SPI学习总结

背景

主芯片使用的是STM32F429IGTX，从机是W25Q128（flash）。

实验现象

开发板复位后显示“flash_id ok”，按下key0按键后，向W25Q128（flash）的0地址中写入一串字符转“flash test”，再从芯片的0地址中读入该字符串，用printf在串口助手显示。

CubeMX配置

• 时钟配置，使能RCC异步通信
  
• 使能HSE，将SYSCLK和HCLK配置为180MHz，其他默认
  
• key0按键对应的引脚为PA4，所以将PA4设置为GPIO_Input
• 配置USART1
  
• 配置SPI2
  
• 片选信号使用代码控制，所以需要将PB12设置为GPIO_Output，并且默认设置为高电平
  
• 勾选如下配置
• ## 封装SPI2的发送和接收函数
  

u8 SPI2_ReadWriteByte(u8 TxData)
{
	u8 RxData = 0;
	HAL_SPI_TransmitReceive(&hspi2, &TxData, &RxData, 1, 2000);
	return RxData;
}

添加FLASH文件

• flash.c

#include "flash.h"

// 读状态寄存器
u8 FLASH_ReadSR(void)
{
	// 接收状态寄存器返回的状态值的变量
	u8 temp = 0;
	
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 写读状态寄存器的指令0x05
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x05);
	// 接收状态寄存器返回的状态值
	temp = SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0xff);
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	
	return temp;
}

u16 FLASH_ReadID(void)
{
	u16 FlashID = 0;
	
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 发送读ID指令0x90
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x90);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x00);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x00);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x00);
	
	// 读ID
	FlashID |= (SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0xff) << 8);
	FlashID |= SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0xff);
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);

	return FlashID;
}

void FLASH_Read(u8 *pBuffer, u32 ReadAddr, u16 len)
{
	// 后面的for循环用得着
	int i=0;
	
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 发送读数据指令0x03
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x03);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr>>16) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr>>8) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((ReadAddr>>0) & 0xff);
	
	// 读取SPI数据
	for(i=0; i<len; i++)
	{
		pBuffer[i] = SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0xff);
	}
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	
}

void FLASH_Wait_Buzy(void)
{
	//判断第一个bit，如果为1 表示繁忙，否则表示不忙，不忙就可以擦除和写操作
	while((FLASH_ReadSR() & 0x01) == 1);
}

// FLASH写使能
void FLASH_Write_ENBLE(void)
{
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 发送写使能指令0x03
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x03);
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	
}

/* 擦除要写“页”所在的扇区*/
void FLASH_EraseSector(u32 Dsr_Addr)
{
	//按照扇区擦除时，将地址按“扇区”区对齐
	//每个扇区4kB（4096B） 
	u8 n = Dsr_Addr / 4096;
	Dsr_Addr = n * 4096;
	// 等待FLASH是否空闲
	FLASH_Wait_Buzy();
	
	// 写使能
	FLASH_Write_ENBLE();
	
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 发送按扇区擦除的指令0x20
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x20);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((Dsr_Addr >> 16) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((Dsr_Addr >> 8) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((Dsr_Addr >> 0) & 0xff);
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	
}

void FLASH_Write_Page(u8 *pBuffer, u32 WriteAddr, u16 NumberByteToWrite)
{
	u8 i = 0;
	
	u8 n = WriteAddr / 4096;
	WriteAddr = n * 4096;
	
	// 等待FLASH是否空闲
	FLASH_Wait_Buzy();
	
	// 写使能
	FLASH_Write_ENBLE();
	
	// 将SCK拉低
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
	
	// 发送按扇区擦除的指令0x02
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte(0x02);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((WriteAddr >> 16) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((WriteAddr >> 8) & 0xff);
	SPI2_ReadWriteByte((WriteAddr >> 0) & 0xff);
	
	for(i=0; i<NumberByteToWrite; i++)
	{
		SPI2_ReadWriteByte(pBuffer[i]); //发送一个字节的数据
	}
	
	// 将SCK拉高
	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_12, GPIO_PIN_SET);
	
}


void FLASH_Write(u8 *pBuffer, u32 WriteAddr, u16 len)
{
	FLASH_EraseSector(WriteAddr); //调用擦除函数
	FLASH_Write_Page(pBuffer, WriteAddr, len); //调用按页写函数
}

• flash.h

#ifndef __FLASH_H__
#define __FLASH_H__

#include "spi.h"

#define FLASH_ID 0xEF16

u8 FLASH_ReadSR(void);
u16 FLASH_ReadID(void);
void FLASH_Read(u8 *pBuffer, u32 ReadAddr, u16 len);
void FLASH_Wait_Buzy(void);
void FLASH_Write_ENBLE(void);
void FLASH_EraseSector(u32 Dsr_Addr);
void FLASH_Write_Page(u8 *pBuffer, u32 WriteAddr, u16 NumberByteToWrite);
void FLASH_Write(u8 *pBuffer, u32 WriteAddr, u16 len);


#endif

主函数 main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2022 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "spi.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "flash.h"

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);

u8 TextBuffer[] = "flash test";
u8 Databuffer[sizeof(TextBuffer)];


/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
	/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
	HAL_Init();
	/* Configure the system clock */
	SystemClock_Config();

	/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
	MX_GPIO_Init();
	MX_SPI2_Init();
	MX_USART1_UART_Init();
	
	u16 flash_id;
	flash_id = FLASH_ReadID();
	
	if(FLASH_ID != flash_id)
	{
		printf("%x", flash_id);
		printf("flash_id error");
	}
	
	printf("flash_id ok");
	  
	GPIO_PinState KeyValue;
	
	while (1)
	{
		KeyValue = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_4);
		
		if(KeyValue == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
		{
			FLASH_Write(TextBuffer, 0, sizeof(TextBuffer));
			FLASH_Read(Databuffer, 0, sizeof(TextBuffer));
			
			printf("%s\r\n", Databuffer);
		}
		
	 }
  
}

int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
	HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch, 1, 0xFFFF);
return ch;
}


/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);
  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 15;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 216;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Activate the Over-Drive mode
  */
  if (HAL_PWREx_EnableOverDrive() != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV4;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_5) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

注意

下图需要进行勾选，不然不能printf打印。