深度学习2.0-17.随机梯度下降之函数优化实战(himmelblau)

最新推荐文章于 2023-10-18 15:25:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-18 15:25:42 发布

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文章标签：深度学习 tensorflow python

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import os
os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL'] = '2'

import  numpy as np
from    mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from    matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import  tensorflow as tf

# 绘图
# 定义函数
def himmelblau(x):
    return (x[0] ** 2 + x[1] - 11) ** 2 + (x[0] + x[1] ** 2 - 7) ** 2

x = np.arange(-6, 6, 0.1)
y = np.arange(-6, 6, 0.1)
print('x,y range:', x.shape, y.shape)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
print('X,Y maps:', X.shape, Y.shape)
Z = himmelblau([X, Y])

fig = plt.figure('himmelblau')
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')
ax.plot_surface(X, Y, Z)
ax.view_init(60, -30)
ax.set_xlabel('x')
ax.set_ylabel('y')
plt.show()


# 梯度下降-优化
# [1., 0.], [-4, 0.], [4, 0.]
# 随机初始点-初始点不同，路径可能不同，局部最小值点可能改变
# x = tf.constant([4., 0.])
# x = tf.constant([1., 0.])
x = tf.constant([-4., 0.])

for step in range(200):  # 迭代200次

    with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
        tape.watch([x])         # 如果构建x时，是tf.Variable类型则不需要这个操作
        y = himmelblau(x)

    grads = tape.gradient(y, [x])[0]
    x -= 0.01*grads

    if step % 20 == 0:
        print ('step {}: x = {}, f(x) = {}'
               .format(step, x.numpy(), y.numpy()))

x,y range: (120,) (120,)
X,Y maps: (120, 120) (120, 120)
step 0: x = [-2.98       -0.09999999], f(x) = 146.0
step 20: x = [-3.6890156 -3.1276684], f(x) = 6.054738998413086
step 40: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 60: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 80: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 100: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 120: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 140: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 160: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0
step 180: x = [-3.7793102 -3.283186 ], f(x) = 0.0