直方图比较

//直方图比较
/*
		一、输入数组矩阵		二、输出，与输入相同大小的数组矩阵
		三、范数归一化时的下限				四、范数归一化时的上限
		五、归一化方法/数据范数种类标志
		六、输出数据类型		七、掩码矩阵
*/
void drawHist(Mat& hist, int type, string name) {			//归一化并绘制直方图函数
	int hist_w = 512;
	int hist_h = 400;
	int width = 2;
	Mat histImage = Mat::zeros(hist_h, hist_w, CV_8UC3);
	normalize(hist, hist, 1, 0, type, -1, Mat());
	
	for (int i = 1; i <= hist.rows; i++) {
		rectangle(histImage, Point(width * (i - 1), hist_h - 1), Point(width * i - 1, hist_h - cvRound(hist_h * hist.at<float>(i - 1)) - 1), Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);
	}
	imshow(name, histImage);
};

int main() {
	system("color F0");		//改变输出界面颜色
	Mat img = imread("D:/images/down1.png");//输入图片
	if (img.empty()) {
		printf("could not load image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	Mat gray, hist, gray2, hist2, gray3, hist3;
	
	resize(gray, gray2, Size(), 0.5, 0.5);
	gray3 = imread("D:/images/qb1.png");
	cvtColor(gray3, gray3, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
	const int channels[1] = { 0 };
	float inRanges[] = { 0,255 };
	const int bins[1] = { 256 };
	const float* ranges = { inRanges };
	calcHist(&gray, 1, channels, Mat(), hist, 1, bins, &ranges);
	calcHist(&gray2, 1, channels, Mat(), hist2, 1, bins, &ranges);
	calcHist(&gray3, 1, channels, Mat(), hist3, 1, bins, &ranges);
	drawHist(hist, NORM_INF, "hist");
	drawHist(hist2, NORM_INF, "hist2");
	drawHist(hist3, NORM_INF, "hist3");
	//原直方图与原直方图的相关系数
	double hist_hist = compareHist(hist, hist, HISTCMP_CORREL);
	std::cout << "scenery_scenery=" << hist_hist << std::endl;
	//原直方图与缩小原图后的直方图的相关系数
	double hist_hist2 = compareHist(hist, hist2, HISTCMP_CORREL);
	std::cout << "scenery_scenery256=" << hist_hist2 << std::endl;
	//两个不同图像的直方图的相关系数
	double hist_hist3 = compareHist(hist, hist3, HISTCMP_CORREL);
	std::cout << "scenery_dog=" << hist_hist3 << std::endl;
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

直方图匹配

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

void drawHist(Mat& hist, int type, string name) {
    int hist_w = 512;
    int hist_h = 400;
    int width = 2;
    Mat histImage = Mat::zeros(hist_h, hist_w, CV_8UC3);
    normalize(hist, hist, 1, 0, type, -1, Mat());

    for (int i = 1; i <= hist.rows; i++) {
        rectangle(histImage, Point(width * (i - 1), hist_h - 1), Point(width * i - 1, hist_h - cvRound(hist_h * hist.at<float>(i - 1)) - 1), Scalar(255, 255, 255), -1);
    }
    imshow(name, histImage);
};

int main() {
    Mat img1 = imread("D:/images/hb.jpg");
    Mat img2 = imread("D:/images/qb.jpg");
    cvtColor(img1, img1, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
    cvtColor(img2, img2, COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
    if (img1.empty() || img2.empty()) {
        printf("could not load image...\n");
        return -1;
    }
    Mat hist1, hist2;
    const int channels[1] = { 0 };
    float inRanges[2] = { 0,255 };
    const float* ranges[1] = { inRanges };
    const int bins[1] = { 256 };
    calcHist(&img1, 1, channels, Mat(), hist1, 1, bins, ranges);
    calcHist(&img2, 1, channels, Mat(), hist2, 1, bins, ranges);
    drawHist(hist1, NORM_L1, "hist1");
    drawHist(hist2, NORM_L1, "hist2");
    float hist1_cdf[256] = { hist1.at<float>(0) };
    float hist2_cdf[256] = { hist2.at<float>(0) };
    for (int i = 1; i < 256; i++) {
        hist1_cdf[i] = hist1_cdf[i - 1] + hist1.at<float>(i);
        hist2_cdf[i] = hist2_cdf[i - 1] + hist2.at<float>(i);
    }
    float diff_cdf[256][256];
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 256; j++) {
            diff_cdf[i][j] = fabs(hist1_cdf[i] - hist2_cdf[j]);
        }
    }
    Mat lut(1, 256, CV_8U);
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
        float min = diff_cdf[i][0];
        int index = 0;
        for (int j = 1; j < 256; j++) {
            if (min > diff_cdf[i][j]) {
                min = diff_cdf[i][j];
                index = j;
            }
        }
        lut.at<uchar>(i) = (uchar)index;
    }
    Mat result, hist3;
    LUT(img1, lut, result);
    imshow("待匹配图像1", img1);
    imshow("匹配的模板图像", img2);
    imshow("直方图匹配结果", result);
    calcHist(&result, 1, channels, Mat(), hist3, 1, bins, ranges);
    drawHist(hist3, NORM_L1, "hist3");
    waitKey(0);
    return 0;
}