考研英语---长难句分析

长难句分析之前,务必先熟悉英语语法,长难句分析中会插入语法分析

长难句分析分为两步:

① 找标点和连接词,标点最优先,将其断开,分为多个简单句子

Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents/, which have been controversial /ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.

注意:是划分句子,若逗号后面是非谓语动词,即非谓语动词修饰主语,例如

Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face,/ because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bankcase, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.

这个句子:

it was ..... that 是强调句,将其省略,不影响整个句子翻译:正是联邦巡回法院在1998年对所谓的道富银行案的裁决中引入了此类专利

approving用来修饰主语:Federal Circuit

正是因为联邦巡回法院在1998年对所谓的道富银行案的裁决中引入了此类专利，批准了一项关于汇集共同基金资产的专利。

② 简化长句子,去掉修饰,修饰如:副词(completely,totally),介词后面可忽略不影响理解

Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents/, which have been controversial /ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.

Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face,/ because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bankcase, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets.

再举个例子:

The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than atypical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.

①找连接词和标点,最直接可以看到:

The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating /that(宾语从句) the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than atypical panel of three,/ and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.

先看and:

and表示并列,并列的句子之间一定是词性相同,形式一致,安定and that表示that后面跟的是that从句,跟前面的宾语从句形式相同

中间的, rather than atypical panel of three,作为补充说明

接下来分析后面的that:

one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.

有三个谓语,分为3段,找标点,连接词,若两者都没有,只能分析主谓了

分析连接词:跟在is,系动词后面,表语从句

one issue it wants to evaluate is /whether it should “reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.

分析主谓:主谓主谓或主主谓谓,这句话明显为主主谓谓,而对于主主谓谓而言,中间的主谓为从句,即it wants to evaluate

one issue it wants to evaluate is /whether it should “reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.

one issue it wants to evaluate:名词+从句,中间连接词that被省略,就是定语从句

可以翻译为他想要去评估的一个问题

总的翻译为:

他想要去评估的一个问题,即是否应该重审他们对道富银行的裁决

对于上个句子,可以分析到三个知识点

1.平行结构and

2.嵌套,一个句子嵌套定语从句+表语从句

3.分列,即两个逗号之间插入了补充说明,造成了句子的分列

/that(宾语从句) the case would be heard by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than atypical panel of three,/ and that

若不知道可以忽略that的情况:

(2 封私信) 宾语从句和定语从句中that 什么时候能省略？ - 知乎 (zhihu.com)