Python+OpenCV 图像拼接

利用 Python+OpenCV 实现最简单的图像拼接，并除去黑边

# import the necessary packages
from imutils import paths
import numpy as np
import argparse
import imutils
import cv2

# construct the argument parser and parse the arguments
ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
ap.add_argument("-i", "--images", type=str, required=True,
                help="path to input directory of images to stitch")
ap.add_argument("-o", "--output", type=str, required=True,
                help="path to the output image")
ap.add_argument("-c", "--crop", type=int, default=0,
                help="whether to crop out largest rectangular region")
args = vars(ap.parse_args())

# grab the paths to the input images and initialize our images list
print("[INFO] loading images...")
imagePaths = sorted(list(paths.list_images(args["images"])))
images = []

# loop over the image paths, load each one, and add them to our
# images to stich list
for imagePath in imagePaths:
    image = cv2.imread(imagePath)
    images.append(image)

# initialize OpenCV's image sticher object and then perform the image
# stitching
print("[INFO] stitching images...")
# stitcher = cv2.createStitcher() if imutils.is_cv3() else cv2.Stitcher_create()
stitcher = cv2.Stitcher.create(cv2.Stitcher_PANORAMA)
(status, stitched) = stitcher.stitch(images) ### 实现拼接的关键一步

# if the status is '0', then OpenCV successfully performed image
# stitching
if status == 0:
    # check to see if we supposed to crop out the largest rectangular
    # region from the stitched image
    if args["crop"] > 0:### crop>0 裁剪
        # create a 10 pixel border surrounding the stitched image
        print("[INFO] cropping...")
        stitched = cv2.copyMakeBorder(stitched, 10, 10, 10, 10,
                                      cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, (0, 0, 0))

        # convert the stitched image to grayscale and threshold it
        # such that all pixels greater than zero are set to 255
        # (foreground) while all others remain 0 (background)
        gray = cv2.cvtColor(stitched, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
        thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]

        # find all external contours in the threshold image then find
        # the *largest* contour which will be the contour/outline of
        # the stitched image
        cnts = cv2.findContours(thresh.copy(), cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,
                                cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        cnts = imutils.grab_contours(cnts)
        c = max(cnts, key=cv2.contourArea)

        # allocate memory for the mask which will contain the
        # rectangular bounding box of the stitched image region
        mask = np.zeros(thresh.shape, dtype="uint8")
        (x, y, w, h) = cv2.boundingRect(c)
        cv2.rectangle(mask, (x, y), (x + w, y + h), 255, -1)

        # create two copies of the mask: one to serve as our actual
        # minimum rectangular region and another to serve as a counter
        # for how many pixels need to be removed to form the minimum
        # rectangular region
        minRect = mask.copy()
        sub = mask.copy()

        # keep looping until there are no non-zero pixels left in the
        # subtracted image
        while cv2.countNonZero(sub) > 0:
            # erode the minimum rectangular mask and then subtract
            # the thresholded image from the minimum rectangular mask
            # so we can count if there are any non-zero pixels left
            minRect = cv2.erode(minRect, None)
            sub = cv2.subtract(minRect, thresh)

        # find contours in the minimum rectangular mask and then
        # extract the bounding box (x, y)-coordinates
        cnts = cv2.findContours(minRect.copy(), cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,
                                cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
        cnts = imutils.grab_contours(cnts)
        c = max(cnts, key=cv2.contourArea)
        (x, y, w, h) = cv2.boundingRect(c)

        # use the bounding box coordinates to extract the our final
        # stitched image
        stitched = stitched[y:y + h, x:x + w]

    # write the output stitched image to disk
    cv2.imwrite(args["output"], stitched)

    # display the output stitched image to our screen
    # cv2.imshow("Stitched", stitched)
    cv2.waitKey(0)

# otherwise the stitching failed, likely due to not enough keypoints)
# being detected
else:
    print("[INFO] image stitching failed ({})".format(status))

运行程序

image stitching failed=0，拼接成功
image stitching failed=1，输入图像中检测到的关键点不足，拼接失败
image stitching failed=2，可能需要更多图像，或者您的图像没有足够的可区分的、独特的纹理/对象来准确匹配关键点，拼接失败

crop=0 不去黑边

crop=1 去黑边

python main.py --images “需要拼接图像的文件夹路径” 
--output “拼接完成后的输出路径+命名.jpg/png”
--crop 1

输入

 输出

不去黑边

 去黑边

okkkkk

 OpenCV只能实现简单的傻瓜式拼接，特征点数少时就会拼接不了