PyQt5 —— 事件和信号

由于最近在学习pyqt5的相关知识，在网上找了几篇教程看，于是就写了这篇学习笔记。本文只是一些案例的代码以及演示，详细的讲解请看原文。

原文链接：https://zetcode.com/gui/pyqt5/
中文翻译：http://www.360doc.com/content/19/1022/14/12906439_868371487.shtml

1、Signals & slots

QLCDNumber, QSlider

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QLCDNumber, QSlider,
                             QVBoxLayout, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):

        lcd = QLCDNumber(self)
        sld = QSlider(Qt.Horizontal, self)

        vbox = QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(lcd)
        vbox.addWidget(sld)

        self.setLayout(vbox)
        sld.valueChanged.connect(lcd.display)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Signal and slot')
        self.show()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

2、重构事件处理器

替换了事件处理器函数keyPressEvent()，按下F1程序就会退出。

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QWidget, QApplication)


class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()


    def initUI(self):
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)
        self.setWindowTitle('Event handler')
        self.show()

    def keyPressEvent(self, e):
        if e.key() == Qt.Key_F1:
            self.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

3、事件对象

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QApplication, QGridLayout, QLabel


class Example(QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        grid = QGridLayout()

        x = 0
        y = 0

        self.text = f'x: {x},  y: {y}'

        self.label = QLabel(self.text, self)
        grid.addWidget(self.label, 0, 0, Qt.AlignTop)

        self.setMouseTracking(True)

        self.setLayout(grid)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 450, 300)
        self.setWindowTitle('Event object')
        self.show()

    def mouseMoveEvent(self, e):
        x = e.x()
        y = e.y()

        text = f'x: {x},  y: {y}'
        self.label.setText(text)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

4、事件发送

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QPushButton, QApplication


class Example(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        btn1 = QPushButton("Button 1", self)
        btn1.move(30, 50)

        btn2 = QPushButton("Button 2", self)
        btn2.move(150, 50)

        btn1.clicked.connect(self.buttonClicked)
        btn2.clicked.connect(self.buttonClicked)

        self.statusBar()

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 450, 350)
        self.setWindowTitle('Event sender')
        self.show()

    def buttonClicked(self):
        sender = self.sender()
        self.statusBar().showMessage(sender.text() + ' was pressed')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

5、信号发送

鼠标按下的时候触发，事件与QMainWindow绑定

import sys
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QObject
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QApplication


class Communicate(QObject):

    closeApp = pyqtSignal()


class Example(QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.c = Communicate()
        self.c.closeApp.connect(self.close)

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 450, 350)
        self.setWindowTitle('Emit signal')
        self.show()

    def mousePressEvent(self, event):

        self.c.closeApp.emit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())