OpenCV 【十五】绘直线/椭圆/矩形/圆及其填充

目录

 

1. 概况

2. 原理

2.1 Point

2.2 Scalar

3. 代码

4.结果

---

1. 概况

• 如何用 Point 在图像中定义 2D 点

• 如何以及为何使用 Scalar

• 用OpenCV的函数 line 绘 直线

• 用OpenCV的函数 ellipse 绘 椭圆

• 用OpenCV的函数 rectangle 绘 矩形

• 用OpenCV的函数 circle 绘 圆

• 用OpenCV的函数 fillPoly 绘 填充的多边形

2. 原理

2.1 Point

次数据结构表示了由其图像坐标 和 指定的2D点。可定义为：

Point pt;
pt.x = 10;
pt.y = 8;
// 或者 
Point pt =  Point(10, 8);

2.2 Scalar

• 表示了具有4个元素的数组。次类型在OpenCV中被大量用于传递像素值。

• 本节中，我们将进一步用它来表示RGB颜色值（三个参数）。如果用不到第四个参数，则无需定义

  看个例子，如果给出以下颜色参数表达式：

Scalar( a, b, c )
//那么定义的RGB颜色值为： and *Blue = a*  , *Green = b* ,*Red = c*

 

3. 代码

double w = 320;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    /// 窗口名字
    char atom_window[] = "Drawing 1: Atom";
    char rook_window[] = "Drawing 2: Rook";
    
    /// 创建空全黑像素的空图像
    Mat atom_image = Mat::zeros(w, w, CV_8UC3);
    Mat rook_image = Mat::zeros(w, w, CV_8UC3);
    /// 1. 画一个简单的原子。
​
    /// 1.a. 创建椭圆
    MyEllipse(atom_image, 90);
    MyEllipse(atom_image, 0);
    MyEllipse(atom_image, 45);
    MyEllipse(atom_image, -45);
​
    /// 1.b. 创建圆
    MyFilledCircle(atom_image, Point(w / 2.0, w / 2.0));
​
    /// 2. 画一个赌棍
​
    /// 2.a. 创建一个凸多边形
    MyPolygon(rook_image);
​
    /// 2.b. 创建矩形
    rectangle(rook_image,
        Point(0, 7 * w / 8.0),
        Point(w, w),
        Scalar(0, 255, 255),
        -1,
        8);
​
    /// 2.c. 画几条直线
    MyLine(rook_image, Point(0, 15 * w / 16), Point(w, 15 * w / 16));
    MyLine(rook_image, Point(w / 4, 7 * w / 8), Point(w / 4, w));
    MyLine(rook_image, Point(w / 2, 7 * w / 8), Point(w / 2, w));
    MyLine(rook_image, Point(3 * w / 4, 7 * w / 8), Point(3 * w / 4, w));
​
    /// 等待用户按键
    waitKey();
    return 0;
}
​
void MyFilledCircle(Mat img, Point center)
{
    int thickness = -1;
    int lineType = 8;
​
    circle(img,
        center,
        w / 32.0,
        Scalar(0, 0, 255),
        thickness,
        lineType);
}
void MyPolygon(Mat img)
{
    int lineType = 8;
​
    /** 创建一些点 */
    Point rook_points[1][20];
    rook_points[0][0] = Point(w / 4.0, 7 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][1] = Point(3 * w / 4.0, 7 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][2] = Point(3 * w / 4.0, 13 * w / 16.0);
    rook_points[0][3] = Point(11 * w / 16.0, 13 * w / 16.0);
    rook_points[0][4] = Point(19 * w / 32.0, 3 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][5] = Point(3 * w / 4.0, 3 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][6] = Point(3 * w / 4.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][7] = Point(26 * w / 40.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][8] = Point(26 * w / 40.0, w / 4.0);
    rook_points[0][9] = Point(22 * w / 40.0, w / 4.0);
    rook_points[0][10] = Point(22 * w / 40.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][11] = Point(18 * w / 40.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][12] = Point(18 * w / 40.0, w / 4.0);
    rook_points[0][13] = Point(14 * w / 40.0, w / 4.0);
    rook_points[0][14] = Point(14 * w / 40.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][15] = Point(w / 4.0, w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][16] = Point(w / 4.0, 3 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][17] = Point(13 * w / 32.0, 3 * w / 8.0);
    rook_points[0][18] = Point(5 * w / 16.0, 13 * w / 16.0);
    rook_points[0][19] = Point(w / 4.0, 13 * w / 16.0);
​
    const Point* ppt[1] = { rook_points[0] };
    int npt[] = { 20 };
​
    fillPoly(img,
        ppt,
        npt,
        1,
        Scalar(255, 255, 255),
        lineType);
}
​
void MyEllipse(Mat img, double angle)
{
    int thickness = 2;
    int lineType = 8;
​
    ellipse(img,
        Point(w / 2.0, w / 2.0),
        Size(w / 4.0, w / 16.0),
        angle,
        0,
        360,
        Scalar(255, 0, 0),
        thickness,
        lineType);
}
​
void MyLine(Mat img, Point start, Point end)
{
    int thickness = 2;
    int lineType = 8;
    line(img,
        start,
        end,
        Scalar(0, 0, 0),
        thickness,
        lineType);
}

 

4.结果