Android Automotive（四） Vehicle Property

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Android Automotive（四） Vehicle Property

在介绍CarService之前，先介绍一下Vehicle Property（车辆属性），车辆属性是Android Automotive 中最重要的内容之一，使用它来传递车辆上的一些重要信息。

车辆属性是硬件抽象层定义的汽车设备制造商可以实现的属性，并会包含属性元数据（例如，属性是否为 int 以及允许使用哪些更改模式）。Vehicle HAL 提供接口对车辆属性进行访问（读取、写入、订阅）。

车辆属性使用HIDL语言定义，代码位于hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal中。

车辆属性可以是只读、只写、也可以是读写。每个车辆属性都由一个int32键唯一标识，且具有预定义的数据类型。区域属性可能具有多个值，具体取决于属性支持区域的数量

车辆属性的定义是由四个整型值做或运算取得的。它们描述了车辆属性的ID、分组、类型和区域。

INFO_VIN = (
    0x0100
    | VehiclePropertyGroup:SYSTEM
    | VehiclePropertyType:STRING
    | VehicleArea:GLOBAL)

除了定义所需的必须属性，车辆属性的额外信息以注释的形式标记在文件中。包括车辆属性的变化类型、读写性、单位、取值的数据结构等等。

/**
 * VIN of vehicle
 *
 * @change_mode VehiclePropertyChangeMode:STATIC
 * @access VehiclePropertyAccess:READ
 */
INFO_VIN =

具体如下

注释描述类型
@change_mode变化模式VehiclePropertyChangeMode
STATIC 静态
ON_CHANGE 变化
CONTINUOUS 持续
@access读写性质VehiclePropertyAccess
READ 只读
WRITE 只写
READ_WRITE 读写
@unit单位VehicleUnit
@data_enum数据结构
@since增加的版本

属性ID

是一个int数值，通常是4位16进制，占半个字节。在车辆属性中使用“4567”后四位表示属性ID，如0x0000****。通常省略高位0，写成0x****的形式。

属性分组

分组表示了车辆属性的来源，区分是原生属性还是扩展属性。原生属性是指AOSP定义的属性，扩展属性是指OEM厂商自己定义增加的属性。在车辆属性中使用第0位占位0x*000000。

//types.hal中定义
enum VehiclePropertyGroup : int32_t {
    /**
     * Properties declared in AOSP must have this flag.
     */
    SYSTEM         = 0x10000000, //268435456

    /**
     * Properties declared by vendors must have this flag.
     */
    VENDOR         = 0x20000000, //536870912

    MASK           = 0xf0000000, //-268435456
};
  • SYSTEM：Google原生属性定义使用
  • VENDOR：OME自定义属性使用
属性十六进制十进制
SYSTEM0x10000000268435456
VENDOR0x20000000536870912

扩展属性必须使用VENDOR声明

属性类型

表示车辆属性对应值的数据类型，占0x00**0000第“23”位。
目前支持的数据类型如下

  • STRING
  • BOOLEAN
  • INT32
  • INT32_VEC (INT32[])
  • INT64
  • INT64_VEC (INT64[])
  • FLOAT
  • FLOAT_VEC (FLOAT[])
  • BYTES
//types.hal中定义
/**
 * Enumerates supported data type for VehicleProperty.
 *
 * Used to create property ID in VehicleProperty enum.
 */
enum VehiclePropertyType : int32_t {
    STRING          = 0x00100000,
    BOOLEAN         = 0x00200000,
    INT32           = 0x00400000,
    INT32_VEC       = 0x00410000,
    INT64           = 0x00500000,
    INT64_VEC       = 0x00510000,
    FLOAT           = 0x00600000,
    FLOAT_VEC       = 0x00610000,
    BYTES           = 0x00700000,

    /**
     * Any combination of scalar or vector types. The exact format must be
     * provided in the description of the property.
     *
     * For vendor MIXED type properties, configArray needs to be formatted in this
     * structure.
     * configArray[0], 1 indicates the property has a String value
     * configArray[1], 1 indicates the property has a Boolean value .
     * configArray[2], 1 indicates the property has an Integer value.
     * configArray[3], the number indicates the size of Integer[] in the property.
     * configArray[4], 1 indicates the property has a Long value.
     * configArray[5], the number indicates the size of Long[] in the property.
     * configArray[6], 1 indicates the property has a Float value.
     * configArray[7], the number indicates the size of Float[] in the property.
     * configArray[8], the number indicates the size of byte[] in the property.
     * For example:
     * {@code configArray = {1, 1, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}} indicates the property has
     * a String value, a Boolean value, an Integer value and an array with 3 integers.
     */
    MIXED           = 0x00e00000,

    MASK            = 0x00ff0000
};
属性十六进制十进制
STRING0x001000001048576
BOOLEAN0x002000002097152
INT320x004000004194304
INT32_VEC0x004100004259840
INT640x005000005242880
INT64_VEC0x005100005308416
FLOAT0x006000006291456
FLOAT_VEC0x006100006356992
BYTES0x007000007340032
MIXED0x00e0000014680064

属性区域

属性区域定义了车辆属性归属车辆的哪一个模块，比如门或者窗。占位0x0*000000，第1位。

Android P 删除了ZONE区域，新增WHEEL区域。

每个区域属性都必须使用预定义的区域类型。每种区域类型都有一组在区域类型的枚举中定义的位标记。

//types.hal中定义
/**
 * Vehicle Areas
 * Used to construct property IDs in the VehicleProperty enum.
 *
 * Some properties may be associated with particular vehicle areas. For
 * example, VehicleProperty:DOOR_LOCK property must be associated with
 * particular door, thus this property must be marked with
 * VehicleArea:DOOR flag.
 *
 * Other properties may not be associated with particular vehicle area.
 * These kinds of properties must have VehicleArea:GLOBAL flag.
 *
 * [Definition] Area: An area represents a unique element of an AreaType.
 *   For instance, if AreaType is WINDOW, then an area may be FRONT_WINDSHIELD.
 *
 * [Definition] AreaID: An AreaID is a combination of one or more areas,
 *   and is represented using a bitmask of Area enums. Different AreaTypes may
 *   not be mixed in a single AreaID. For instance, a window area cannot be
 *   combined with a seat area in an AreaID.
 *
 * Rules for mapping a zoned property to AreaIDs:
 *  - A property must be mapped to an array of AreaIDs that are impacted when
 *    the property value changes.
 *  - Each element in the array must represent an AreaID, in which the
 *    property value can only be changed together in all the areas within
 *    the AreaID and never independently. That is, when the property value
 *    changes in one of the areas in an AreaID in the array, then it must
 *    automatically change in all other areas in the AreaID.
 *  - The property value must be independently controllable in any two
 *    different AreaIDs in the array.
 *  - An area must only appear once in the array of AreaIDs. That is, an
 *    area must only be part of a single AreaID in the array.
 *
 * [Definition] Global Property: A property that applies to the entire car
 *   and is not associated with a specific area. For example, FUEL_LEVEL,
 *   HVAC_STEERING_WHEEL_HEAT.
 *
 * Rules for mapping a global property to AreaIDs:
 *  - A global property must not be mapped to AreaIDs.
*/
enum VehicleArea : int32_t {
    GLOBAL      = 0x01000000,
    /** WINDOW maps to enum VehicleAreaWindow */
    //ZONE         = 0x02000000, //android P开始删除
    WINDOW      = 0x03000000,
    /** MIRROR maps to enum VehicleAreaMirror */
    MIRROR      = 0x04000000,
    /** SEAT maps to enum VehicleAreaSeat */
    SEAT        = 0x05000000,
    /** DOOR maps to enum VehicleAreaDoor */
    DOOR        = 0x06000000,
    /** WHEEL maps to enum VehicleAreaWheel */
    WHEEL       = 0x07000000,

    MASK        = 0x0f000000,
};
属性十六进制十进制
GLOBAL0x0100000016777216
ZONE0x0200000033554432
WINDOW0x0300000050331648
MIRROR0x0400000067108864
SEAT0x0500000083886080
DOOR0x06000000100663296
WHEEL0x07000000117440512

GLOBAL

此属性是单一实例，不具备多个区域。

ZONE

用于空调并将汽车划分为物理区域。

在Android P版本删除。使用枚举类VehicleAreaZone。Android P 开始删除此属性

//types.hal中定义
/**
 * Various zones in the car.
 *
 * Zones are used for Air Conditioning purposes and divide the car into physical
 * area zones.
 */
enum VehicleAreaZone : int32_t {
  ROW_1_LEFT = 0x00000001,
  ROW_1_CENTER = 0x00000002,
  ROW_1_RIGHT = 0x00000004,
  ROW_1 = 0x00000008,
  ROW_2_LEFT = 0x00000010,
  ROW_2_CENTER = 0x00000020,
  ROW_2_RIGHT = 0x00000040,
  ROW_2 = 0x00000080,
  ROW_3_LEFT = 0x00000100,
  ROW_3_CENTER = 0x00000200,
  ROW_3_RIGHT = 0x00000400,
  ROW_3 = 0x00000800,
  ROW_4_LEFT = 0x00001000,
  ROW_4_CENTER = 0x00002000,
  ROW_4_RIGHT = 0x00004000,
  ROW_4 = 0x00008000,
  WHOLE_CABIN = 0x80000000,
};

WINDOW

基于车窗的区域。使用枚举类VehicleAreaWindow

  • FRONT_WINDSHIELD 前挡风玻璃
  • REAR_WINDSHIELD 后挡风玻璃
  • ROW_1_LEFT 第一排左侧车窗
  • ROW_1_RIGHT 第一排右侧车窗
  • ROW_2_LEFT 第二排左侧车窗
  • ROW_2_RIGHT 第二排右侧车窗
  • ROW_3_LEFT 第三排左侧车窗
  • ROW_3_RIGHT 第三排右侧车窗
  • ROOF_TOP_1 天窗1
  • ROOF_TOP_2 天窗2
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Various windshields/windows in the car.
 */
enum VehicleAreaWindow : int32_t {
    FRONT_WINDSHIELD  = 0x00000001,
    REAR_WINDSHIELD   = 0x00000002,
    ROW_1_LEFT        = 0x00000010,
    ROW_1_RIGHT       = 0x00000040,
    ROW_2_LEFT        = 0x00000100,
    ROW_2_RIGHT       = 0x00000400,
    ROW_3_LEFT        = 0x00001000,
    ROW_3_RIGHT       = 0x00004000,

    ROOF_TOP_1        = 0x00010000,
    ROOF_TOP_2        = 0x00020000,

};
属性十六进制十进制
FRONT_WINDSHIELD0x000000011
REAR_WINDSHIELD0x000000022
ROW_1_LEFT0x0000001016
ROW_1_RIGHT0x0000004064
ROW_2_LEFT0x00000100256
ROW_2_RIGHT0x000004001024
ROW_3_LEFT0x000010004096
ROW_3_RIGHT0x0000400016384
ROOF_TOP_10x0001000065536
ROOF_TOP_20x00020000131072

MIRROR

基于车镜的区域。使用枚举类VehicleAreaMirror

  • DRIVER_LEFT 左后视镜
  • DRIVER_RIGHT 右后视镜
  • DRIVER_CENTER 中央后视镜
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
enum VehicleAreaMirror : int32_t {
    DRIVER_LEFT = 0x00000001,
    DRIVER_RIGHT = 0x00000002,
    DRIVER_CENTER = 0x00000004,
};
属性十六进制十进制
DRIVER_LEFT0x000000011
DRIVER_RIGHT0x000000022
DRIVER_CENTER0x000000044

SEAT

基于座椅的区域，使用枚举类VehicleAreaSeat

  • ROW_1_LEFT 第一排左侧
  • ROW_1_CENTER 第一排中间
  • ROW_1_RIGHT 第一排右侧
  • ROW_2_LEFT 第二排左侧
  • ROW_2_CENTER 第二排中间
  • ROW_2_RIGHT 第二排右侧
  • ROW_3_LEFT 第三排左侧
  • ROW_3_CENTER 第三排中间
  • ROW_3_RIGHT 第三排右侧
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Various Seats in the car.
 */
enum VehicleAreaSeat : int32_t {
    ROW_1_LEFT   = 0x0001,
    ROW_1_CENTER = 0x0002,
    ROW_1_RIGHT  = 0x0004,
    ROW_2_LEFT   = 0x0010,
    ROW_2_CENTER = 0x0020,
    ROW_2_RIGHT  = 0x0040,
    ROW_3_LEFT   = 0x0100,
    ROW_3_CENTER = 0x0200,
    ROW_3_RIGHT  = 0x0400
};
属性十六进制十进制
ROW_1_LEFT0x00011
ROW_1_CENTER0x00022
ROW_1_RIGHT0x00044
ROW_2_LEFT0x001016
ROW_2_CENTER0x002032
ROW_2_RIGHT0x004064
ROW_3_LEFT0x0100256
ROW_3_CENTER0x0200512
ROW_3_RIGHT0x04001024

DOOR

基于车门的区域。使用枚举类VehicleAreaDoor

  • ROW_1_LEFT 第一排左侧门
  • ROW_1_RIGHT 第一排右侧门
  • ROW_2_LEFT 第二排左侧门
  • ROW_2_RIGHT 第二排右侧门
  • ROW_3_LEFT 第三排左侧门
  • ROW_3_RIGHT 第三排右侧门
  • HOOD 前车厢门
  • REAR 后车厢门
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
enum VehicleAreaDoor : int32_t {
    ROW_1_LEFT = 0x00000001,
    ROW_1_RIGHT = 0x00000004,
    ROW_2_LEFT = 0x00000010,
    ROW_2_RIGHT = 0x00000040,
    ROW_3_LEFT = 0x00000100,
    ROW_3_RIGHT = 0x00000400,
    HOOD = 0x10000000,
    REAR = 0x20000000,
};
属性十六进制十进制
ROW_1_LEFT0x000000011
ROW_1_RIGHT0x000000044
ROW_2_LEFT0x0000001016
ROW_2_RIGHT0x0000004064
ROW_3_LEFT0x00000100256
ROW_3_RIGHT0x000004001024
HOOD0x10000000268435456
REAR0x20000000536870912

WHEEL

基于车轮的区域。使用枚举类VehicleAreaWheel

  • UNKNOWN 未知
  • LEFT_FRONT 左前轮胎
  • RIGHT_FRONT 右前轮胎
  • LEFT_REAR 左后轮胎
  • RIGHT_REAR 右后轮胎
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
enum VehicleAreaWheel : int32_t {
    UNKNOWN = 0x0,

    LEFT_FRONT = 0x1,
    RIGHT_FRONT = 0x2,
    LEFT_REAR = 0x4,
    RIGHT_REAR = 0x8,
};
属性十六进制十进制
UNKNOWN0x00
LEFT_FRONT0x11
RIGHT_FRONT0x22
LEFT_REAR0x44
RIGHT_REAR0x88

每个区域属性都必须使用预定义的区域类型。每种区域类型都有一组在区域类型的枚举中定义的位标记

区域 ID

区域属性通过区域 ID 进行处理。每个区域属性都可以支持一个或多个区域 ID。区域 ID 由其各自枚举中的一个或多个标记组成。例如，使用 VehicleAreaSeat 的属性可能会使用以下区域 ID:

  • ROW_1_LEFT | ROW_1_RIGHT
    区域 ID 适用于两个前排座椅。
  • ROW_2_LEFT
    仅适用于左后座椅。
  • ROW_2_RIGHT
    仅适用于右后座椅。

属性操作

车辆属性的可见性标识该属性是否只读，只写，读写。在types.hal中以注释@access的形式出现
如：@access VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE

  • NONE 不可读不可写
  • READ 只读
  • WRITE 只写
  • READ_WRITE 读写
// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Property config defines the capabilities of it. User of the API
 * must first get the property config to understand the output from get()
 * commands and also to ensure that set() or events commands are in sync with
 * the expected output.
 */
enum VehiclePropertyAccess : int32_t {
    NONE = 0x00,

    READ = 0x01,
    WRITE = 0x02,
    READ_WRITE = 0x03,
};
属性说明Android版本
NONE不可读不可写
READ只读8.0~
WRITE只写8.0~
READ_WRITE读写8.0~
属性十六进制十进制
NONE0x000
READ0x011
WRITE0x022
READ_WRITE0x033

属性变化模式

属性的变化模式，在types.hal中以注释@change_mode的形式出现

如：@change_mode VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**

 * This describes how value of property can change.
 */
enum VehiclePropertyChangeMode : int32_t {
    /**
   * Property of this type must never be changed. Subscription is not supported
   * for these properties.
   */
    STATIC = 0x00,

  /**
   * Property of this type must be reported when there is a change.
   * IVehicle#get call must return the current value.
   * Set operation for this property is assumed to be asynchronous. When the
   * property is read (using IVehicle#get) after IVehicle#set, it may still
   * return old value until underlying H/W backing this property has actually
   * changed the state. Once state is changed, the property must dispatch
   * changed value as event.
      */
    ON_CHANGE = 0x01,

  /**
   * Property of this type change continuously and requires fixed rate of
   * sampling to retrieve the data.
      */
    CONTINUOUS = 0x02,

  /**
   * Property of this type may be polled to get the current value.
      */
    POLL = 0x03,

  /**
   * This is for property where change event must be sent only when the
   * value is set from external component. Normal value change must not trigger
   * event. For example, clock property can send change event only when it is
   * set, outside android, for case like user setting time or time getting
   * update. There is no need to send it per every value change.
      */
    ON_SET = 0x04,
};
属性说明Android版本
STATIC决不能更改此类型的属性。不支持订阅这些属性8.0~
ON_CHANGE发生改变时，必须报告此类型的属性。 IVehicle#get调用必须返回当前值。假如设置是异步的，当在IVehicle#set之后读取属性时，它可能返回旧值，直到此属性的底层H/W实际更改了状态。状态更改后，属性必须将更改的值作为事件分派。8.0~
CONTINUOUS此种类型的属性不断变化，需要固定的采样率来检索数据。实现者可以选择在重大值更改时发送额外的通知。如车速8.0~
POLL可以轮询此类型的属性以获取当前值8.0
ON_SET变化时不需要一直上报，只有上层主动获取才上报，比如时间更新8.0

POLL 和 ON_SET在Android P上被删除，不再使用

属性单位

某些属性的值需要配合国际单位来表示，比如车速的单位是米每秒（MILLIMETER）。

属性值的单位, 在types.hal中以注释@unit的形式出现，表示车辆属性表示含义的单位。

如：@unit VehicleUnit:YEAR表示单位是年

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**

 * Units used for int or float type with no attached enum types.
 */
enum VehicleUnit : int32_t {
    SHOULD_NOT_USE      = 0x000,

    METER_PER_SEC       = 0x01,
    RPM                 = 0x02,
    HERTZ               = 0x03,
    PERCENTILE          = 0x10,
    MILLIMETER          = 0x20,
    METER               = 0x21,
    KILOMETER           = 0x23,
    MILE                = 0x24,
    CELSIUS             = 0x30,
    FAHRENHEIT          = 0x31,
    KELVIN              = 0x32,
    MILLILITER          = 0x40,
    LITER               = 0x41,

    /** deprecated. Use US_GALLON instead. */
    GALLON              = 0x42,
    US_GALLON           = 0x42,
    IMPERIAL_GALLON     = 0x43,
    NANO_SECS           = 0x50,
    SECS                = 0x53,
    YEAR                = 0x59,

    // Electrical Units
    WATT_HOUR           = 0x60,
    MILLIAMPERE         = 0x61,
    MILLIVOLT           = 0x62,
    MILLIWATTS          = 0x63,
    AMPERE_HOURS        = 0x64,
    KILOWATT_HOUR       = 0x65,

    KILOPASCAL          = 0x70,
    PSI                 = 0x71,
    BAR                 = 0x72,
    DEGREES             = 0x80,

    MILES_PER_HOUR      = 0x90,
    KILOMETERS_PER_HOUR = 0x91,
};
  • SHOULD_NOT_USE, 不使用
  • METER_PER_SEC, 米每秒
  • RPM, 转速
  • HERTZ, 赫兹
  • PERCENTILE, 百分比
  • MILLIMETER, 毫米
  • METER, 米
  • KILOMETER, 千米，公里
  • MILE, 英里
  • CELSIUS, 摄氏度
  • FAHRENHEIT, 华氏度
  • KELVIN, 开尔文
  • MILLILITER, 毫升
  • LITER, 升
  • US_GALLON, 美国加仑
  • IMPERIAL_GALLON, 英制加仑
  • NANO_SECS, 纳秒
  • SECS, 秒
  • YEAR, 年
  • KILOPASCAL, 千帕
  • WATT_HOUR, 瓦时
  • MILLIAMPERE, 毫安
  • MILLIVOLT, 毫伏
  • MILLIWATTS, 毫瓦
  • AMPERE_HOURS, 安倍小时
  • KILOWATT_HOUR, 千瓦时
  • PSI, 磅/平方英寸
  • BAR, 巴 压强的单位
  • DEGREES, 度
  • MILES_PER_HOUR, 英里每小时
  • KILOMETERS_PER_HOUR 公里每小时

属性数据结构

某些属性，将属性的可取值封装成一个对象，这样可以方便调用，比如VehicleGear表示档位。

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Various gears which can be selected by user and chosen in system.
 */
enum VehicleGear: int32_t {
    GEAR_NEUTRAL = 0x0001,
    GEAR_REVERSE = 0x0002,
    GEAR_PARK = 0x0004,
    GEAR_DRIVE = 0x0008,
    GEAR_LOW = 0x0010,
    GEAR_1 = 0x0010,
    GEAR_2 = 0x0020,
    GEAR_3 = 0x0040,
    GEAR_4 = 0x0080,
    GEAR_5 = 0x0100,
    GEAR_6 = 0x0200,
    GEAR_7 = 0x0400,
    GEAR_8 = 0x0800,
    GEAR_9 = 0x1000,
};

属性权限

属性的权限是Android在系统框架层增加的，只有声明权限的应用才可以访问相关的车辆属性。

属性的权限检测在CarService中，配置在PropertyHalServiceIds.java中使用，关联到各个车辆属性。

// packages/services/Car/service/src/com/android/car/hal/PropertyHalServiceIds.java
// default vendor permission
private static final int PERMISSION_CAR_VENDOR_DEFAULT = 0x00000000;

// permissions for the property related with window
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW = 0X00000001;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW = 0x00000002;
// permissions for the property related with door
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR = 0x00000003;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR = 0x00000004;
// permissions for the property related with seat
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT = 0x00000005;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT = 0x00000006;
// permissions for the property related with mirror
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR = 0x00000007;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR = 0x00000008;

// permissions for the property related with car's information
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO = 0x00000009;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO = 0x0000000A;
// permissions for the property related with car's engine
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE = 0x0000000B;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE = 0x0000000C;
// permissions for the property related with car's HVAC
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC = 0x0000000D;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC = 0x0000000E;
// permissions for the property related with car's light
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT = 0x0000000F;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT = 0x00000010;

// permissions reserved for other vendor permission
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1 = 0x00010000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1 = 0x00011000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2 = 0x00020000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2 = 0x00021000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3 = 0x00030000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3 = 0x00031000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4 = 0x00040000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4 = 0x00041000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5 = 0x00050000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5 = 0x00051000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6 = 0x00060000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6 = 0x00061000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7 = 0x00070000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7 = 0x00071000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8 = 0x00080000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8 = 0x00081000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9 = 0x00090000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9 = 0x00091000;
private static final int PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10 = 0x000A0000;
private static final int PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10 = 0x000A1000;
// Not available for android
private static final int PERMISSION_CAR_VENDOR_NOT_ACCESSIBLE = 0xF0000000;

在HAL层定义

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Used by SUPPORT_CUSTOMIZE_VENDOR_PERMISSION to indicate the permission of vendor properties.
 */
enum VehicleVendorPermission : int32_t {
    PERMISSION_DEFAULT = 0x00000000,

    // permissions for the property related with window
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW= 0X00000001,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW = 0x00000002,
    // permissions for the property related with door
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR  = 0x00000003,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR   = 0x00000004,
    // permissions for the property related with seat
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT  = 0x00000005,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT   = 0x00000006,
    // permissions for the property related with mirror
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR= 0x00000007,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR = 0x00000008,

    // permissions for the property related with car's information
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO  = 0x00000009,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO   = 0x0000000A,
    // permissions for the property related with car's engine
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE= 0x0000000B,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE = 0x0000000C,
    // permissions for the property related with car's HVAC
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC  = 0x0000000D,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC   = 0x0000000E,
    // permissions for the property related with car's light
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT = 0x0000000F,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT  = 0x00000010,

    // permissions reserved for other vendor permission
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1  = 0x00010000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1   = 0x00011000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2  = 0x00020000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2   = 0x00021000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3  = 0x00030000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3   = 0x00031000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4  = 0x00040000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4   = 0x00041000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5  = 0x00050000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5   = 0x00051000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6  = 0x00060000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6   = 0x00061000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7  = 0x00070000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7   = 0x00071000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8  = 0x00080000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8   = 0x00081000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9  = 0x00090000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9   = 0x00091000,
    PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10 = 0x000A0000,
    PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10  = 0x000A1000,

    // Indicate not available for android to access.
    PERMISSION_NOT_ACCESSIBLE = 0xF0000000
};

在Framework中VehicleVendorPermission定义了应用使用的权限字符串。

// packages/services/Car/car-lib/src/android/car/hardware/property/VehicleVendorPermission.java
// permissions for the property related with window
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_WINDOW";

// permissions for the property related with door
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_DOOR";

// permissions for the property related with seat
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT";

// permissions for the property related with mirror
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_MIRROR";

// permissions for the property related with car's information
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO";

// permissions for the property related with car's engine
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_ENGINE";

// permissions for the property related with car's HVAC
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_HVAC";

// permissions for the property related with car's light
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_LIGHT";


// permissions reserved for other vendor permission
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_1";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_2";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_3";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_4";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_5";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_6";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_7";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_8";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_9";
public static final String PERMISSION_GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10 =
    "android.car.permission.GET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10";
public static final String PERMISSION_SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10 =
    "android.car.permission.SET_CAR_VENDOR_CATEGORY_10";

属性状态

每个属性值都随附一个 VehiclePropertyStatus 值。该值指示相应属性的当前状态：

  • AVAILABLE
    属性可用，且值有效。
  • UNAVAILABLE
    属性值目前不可用。该值用于受支持属性的暂时停用的功能。
  • ERROR
    该属性有问题。

如果车辆不支持某个属性，则不应将其包含在 VHAL 中。您不得将属性状态永久性设置为 UNAVAILABLE 来表示不受支持的属性。

配置属性

在硬件抽象层会用一个VehiclePropConfig结构体来维护车辆属性的配置。

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
struct VehiclePropConfig {
    /** Property identifier */
    int32_t prop;

    /**
     * Defines if the property is read or write or both.
     */
    VehiclePropertyAccess access;
    
    /**
     * Defines the change mode of the property.
     */
    VehiclePropertyChangeMode changeMode;
    
    /**
     * Contains per-area configuration.
     */
    vec<VehicleAreaConfig> areaConfigs;
    
    /** Contains additional configuration parameters */
    vec<int32_t> configArray;
    
    /**
     * Some properties may require additional information passed over this
     * string. Most properties do not need to set this.
     */
    string configString;
    
    /**
     * Min sample rate in Hz.
     * Must be defined for VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS
     */
    float minSampleRate;
    
    /**
     * Must be defined for VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS
     * Max sample rate in Hz.
     */
    float maxSampleRate;
};
  • prop 属性ID
  • access 属性读写权限
  • changeMode 属性变化模式
  • areaConfigs 属性每个区域的配置
  • configArray 配置相关的数组
  • configString 配置的描述
  • minSampleRate 最小的变化频率，通知频率，变化模式必须定义为CONTINUOUS
  • maxSampleRate 最大的变化频率，通知频率，变化模式必须定义为CONTINUOUS
字段描述
prop属性ID
access属性读写权限
changeMode属性变化模式
areaConfigs属性每个区域的配置
configArray配置相关的数组
configString配置的描述
minSampleRate最小的变化频率，通知频率，变化模式必须定义为CONTINUOUS
maxSampleRate最大的变化频率，通知频率，变化模式必须定义为CONTINUOUS

在Android N上使用 vehicle_prop_config_t 进行配置

使用 vehicle_prop_config_t 为每个属性提供配置信息。具体信息包括：

  • access（r、w、rw）
  • changeMode（表示监视属性的方式：变化模式还是连续模式）
  • areaConfigs（areaId、最小值和最大值）
  • configArray（其他配置参数）
  • configString（以字符串的形式传递的其他信息）
  • minSampleRate、max_sample_rate
  • prop（属性 ID、int）

属性取值

属性的取值，也就是属性所带的数据使用VehiclePropValue来维护。在types.hal中定义。

// hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
/**
 * Encapsulates the property name and the associated value. It
 * is used across various API calls to set values, get values or to register for
 * events.
 */
struct VehiclePropValue {
    /** Time is elapsed nanoseconds since boot */
    int64_t timestamp;

    /**
     * Area type(s) for non-global property it must be one of the value from
     * VehicleArea* enums or 0 for global properties.
     */
    int32_t areaId;

    /** Property identifier */
    int32_t prop;

    /** Status of the property */
    VehiclePropertyStatus status;

    /**
     * Contains value for a single property. Depending on property data type of
     * this property (VehiclePropetyType) one field of this structure must be filled in.
     */
    struct RawValue {
        /**
         * This is used for properties of types VehiclePropertyType#INT
         * and VehiclePropertyType#INT_VEC
         */
        vec<int32_t> int32Values;

        /**
         * This is used for properties of types VehiclePropertyType#FLOAT
         * and VehiclePropertyType#FLOAT_VEC
         */
        vec<float> floatValues;

        /** This is used for properties of type VehiclePropertyType#INT64 */
        vec<int64_t> int64Values;

        /** This is used for properties of type VehiclePropertyType#BYTES */
        vec<uint8_t> bytes;

        /** This is used for properties of type VehiclePropertyType#STRING */
        string stringValue;
    };

    RawValue value;
};
字段`描述
timestamp时间戳，标记属性更新的时间
areaId表示的区域
prop属性ID
status属性的状态
value用RawValue来维护具体的属性值
int32Values维护整型数据的数组，布尔类型也是用此维护
int64Values维护长整型数据的数组
floatValues维护浮点型数据的数组
bytes维护字节型数据的数组
stringValue维护字符串类型

常量接口

前面我们知道HAL文件是使用HIDL语言定义，它在编译时，会生成C++和JAVA接口。

typs.hal也是一样，里面定义的车辆属性会编译出系统框架层和硬件抽象层使用的接口。

编译产物

源码下automotive生成的文件如下：

代码路径：out/soong/.intermediates/hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0

out/soong/.intermediates/hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0
├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0
│   ├── android_arm64_armv8-a_core_shared
│   │   └── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0.so
│   ├── android_arm64_armv8-a_core_static
│   │   ├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0.a
│   │   └── obj
│   ├── android_arm_armv7-a-neon_cortex-a9_core_shared
│   │   └── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0.so
│   └── android_arm_armv7-a-neon_cortex-a9_core_static
│       ├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0.a
│       └── obj
├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0_genc++
│   └── gen
│       └── android
├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0_genc++_headers
│   └── gen
│       └── android
├── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2.0-java
│   └── android_common
│       ├── combined
│       ├── javac
│       ├── turbine
│       └── turbine-combined
└── android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2.0-java_gen_java
    └── gen
        └── android

hidl-gen

hidl-gen时编译HIDL文件的一个工具

工具路径 out/host/linux-x86/bin/hidl-gen，源代码路径 system/tools/hidl

使用说明

usage: hidl-gen [-p <root path>] -o <output path> -L <language> [-O <owner>] (-r <interface root>)+ [-v] [-d <depfile>] FQNAME...

Process FQNAME, PACKAGE(.SUBPACKAGE)*@[0-9]+.[0-9]+(::TYPE)?, to create output.

         -h: Prints this menu.
         -L <language>: The following options are available:
            check           : Parses the interface to see if valid but doesn't write any files.
            c++             : (internal) (deprecated) Generates C++ interface files for talking to HIDL interfaces.
            c++-headers     : (internal) Generates C++ headers for interface files for talking to HIDL interfaces.
            c++-sources     : (internal) Generates C++ sources for interface files for talking to HIDL interfaces.
            export-header   : Generates a header file from @export enumerations to help maintain legacy code.
            c++-impl        : Generates boilerplate implementation of a hidl interface in C++ (for convenience).
            c++-impl-headers: c++-impl but headers only
            c++-impl-sources: c++-impl but sources only
            c++-adapter     : Takes a x.(y+n) interface and mocks an x.y interface.
            c++-adapter-headers: c++-adapter but helper headers only
            c++-adapter-sources: c++-adapter but helper sources only
            c++-adapter-main: c++-adapter but the adapter binary source only
            java            : (internal) Generates Java library for talking to HIDL interfaces in Java.
            java-constants  : (internal) Like export-header but for Java (always created by -Lmakefile if @export exists).
            vts             : (internal) Generates vts proto files for use in vtsd.
            makefile        : (removed) Used to generate makefiles for -Ljava and -Ljava-constants.
            androidbp       : (internal) Generates Soong bp files for -Lc++-headers, -Lc++-sources, -Ljava, -Ljava-constants, and -Lc++-adapter.
            androidbp-impl  : Generates boilerplate bp files for implementation created with -Lc++-impl.
            hash            : Prints hashes of interface in `current.txt` format to standard out.
         -O <owner>: The owner of the module for -Landroidbp(-impl)?.
         -o <output path>: Location to output files.
         -p <root path>: Android build root, defaults to $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP or pwd.
         -r <package:path root>: E.g., android.hardware:hardware/interfaces.
         -v: verbose output.
         -d <depfile>: location of depfile to write to.

hidl-gen 工具会将hal文件转换为相应的类文件, 例:

启动环境

. build/envsetup.sh 
lunch

命令

./out/host/linux-x86/bin/hidl-gen -o ./demo -Ljava -randroid.hardware:hardware/interfaces  -randroid.hidl:system/libhidl/transport android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0

说明

-o: 生成文件的目录
-Lc+±headers: 生成c++ 头文件
-Ljava : 生成java文件
-r:指定包号和root路径

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专栏目录
Android O 前期预研之三：Android Vehicle HAL
小码农的小梦想
09-24 2万+
Android AutomotiveAndroid Automotive 是Android Oreo中的一个新的特色功能，从AOSP的代码上来看，Android O中已经包含有了从Application到Framework 到HAL的整体框架，这一章节，我们简单的过以下Android Vehicle 的框架，以及重点看下 Vehicle HAL的东西。总体结构大约是以下这个样子： 上图的结
Automotive Buses and Vehicle Buses
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AndroidP HAL Vehicle --- types.hal 分析
android
04-09 2842
这个文件的里面的这些方法都是需要HAL 层来实现的，供Java 层来调用。比如上面的 subscribe（），就是java 层继承自IVehicleCallback.Stub的类注册回调的。具体调用都在 HalClient.java 中。 types.hal：定义的是一些数据结构，这里面内容比较多。列举一些 ```java enum VehiclePropertyType : int...
Android Automotive架构与流程：VehicleHAL，CarService，CarAPI，EVS
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2401_83704252的博客
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题外话，我在一线互联网企业工作十余年里，指导过不少同行后辈。帮助很多人得到了学习和成长。我意识到有很多经验和知识值得分享给大家，也可以通过我们的能力和经验解答大家在IT学习中的很多困惑，所以在工作繁忙的情况下还是坚持各种整理和分享。但苦于知识传播途径有限，很多程序员朋友无法获得正确的资料得到学习提升，故此将并将重要的Android进阶资料包括自定义view、性能优化、MVC与MVP与MVVM三大框架的区别、NDK技术、阿里面试题精编汇总、常见源码分析等学习资料。【Android思维脑图（技能树）】
AndroidP CarService 和 Vehicle
android
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**我们就从空调如何set get温度来走一遭，看看set温度的时候设置的具体温度如何从应用层到CAN盒的，温度发生变化时，CAN盒又如何将实时的温度get给应用层。** 一，Java Framework层 1、CarService CarService也是继承自service的，所以Carservice也是一个service，代码目录在 packages/services......
Vehicle_Registration_REGISTRATION_cartags_automotive_epudn.com_v
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vehicle registration for whatever car you want to make legit :)
Android代码-vehicle-keyboard-android
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停车王车牌键盘 VehicleKeyboard - Android VehicleKeyboard是停车王品牌的各端产品线的基础组件，专为提高中国车牌号码输入速度而定制开发的专用键盘组件。 为停车行业的用户输入车牌号码，提供非常便捷有效的输入方式。 包括以下三个项目： Android Android项目，为Android客户端定制包括输入组件、键盘组件及相关控制逻辑实现； iOS iOS客户端项目，为iOS客户端定制包括输入组件、键盘组件及相关控制逻辑实现； JavaScript(Vue.js) JavaScript(Vue.js)项目，为H5页面定制，包括Web、微信、支付宝等，同样包括输入组件、键盘组件及相关控制逻辑实现 零、项目主页 Android 版本 GitHub项目主页 OSChina项目主页 iOS 版本 GitHub项目主页 OSChina项目主页 JavaScript Vue.js 版本 GitHub项目主页 OSChina项目主页 兼容性声明 注意： 当前版本v0.5，已修改为Java原生实现键盘逻辑，不再使用Javascript。项目包结构已发生重
Android 9.0 AutoMotive模块之Vehicle
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Vehicle模块简介架构功能流程 简介 借助各种总线拓扑，很多汽车子系统都可以实现互连以及与车载信息娱乐 (IVI) 系统的连接。不同的制造商提供的确切总线类型和协议之间有很大差异（甚至同一品牌的不同车型之间也是如此），例如控制器区域网络 (CAN) 总线、局域互联网络 (LIN) 总线、面向媒体的系统传输 (MOST) 总线以及汽车级以太网和 TCP/IP 网络（如 BroadR-Reach）。Android Automotive 的硬件抽象层 (HAL) 为 Android 框架提供了一致的接口（无需
Android12 Vehicle Hal
wangjiaqiqiqi的博客
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vehicle hal set and get
Android车载开发初窥
xiaokangss的博客
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众所周知，互联网行业发展的并不愉快，导致互联网行业就业形势不太理想，“开猿节流”的事情时有发生，所以很多小伙伴开启了车载android的学习，我也不例外。
Android Auto 架构了解
tklwj的专栏
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系统框架 Android Automotive 的硬件抽象层 (HAL) 为 Android 框架提供了一致的接口（无需考虑物理传输层）。此车载 HAL 是开发 Android Automotive 实现的接口。 具体代码实现 Car API：包含 CarHvacManager 和 CarSensorManager 等 API。如需详细了解受支持的 API，请参阅 /platform/packag...
Svvehicle8i.rar_8自由度模型_automotive_vehicle dynamics_汽车 simulink_汽
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汽车8自由度simulink模型，可乙乙进行各种汽车动力学控制及其仿真研究工作
Automotive Engineering: Powertrain, Chassis System and Vehicle Body
09-10
Title: Automotive Engineering: Powertrain, Chassis System and Vehicle Body Author(s): David Crolla Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann Year: 2009 Language: English Pages (biblio\tech): 835\835 ISBN: 9781856175777, 1856175774 A one-stop Desk Reference, for engineers involved in vehicle design and development; this is a book that will not gather dust on the shelf. It brings together the essential professional reference content from leading international contributors in the field. Material ranges from basic to advanced topics from engines and transmissions to vehicle dynamics and modelling. * A hard-working Desk Reference, providing all the essential material needed by Automotive Engineers on a day-to-day basis. * Fundamentals, key techniques, engineering best practice and rules-of-thumb together in one quick-reference sourcebook. * Definitive content by the leading authors in the field.
Automotive Vehicle Safety
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关于汽车安全技术的，还没看过，先共享了！
【Android车载系列】第1章 车载系统整体介绍
Yvan
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汽车操作系统是从传统汽车电子不断演变而来的，传统汽车电子产品可分为两类：一类是汽车电子控制装置，通过直接向执行机构（如电子阀门、继电器开关、执行马达）发送指令，以控制车辆关键部件（如发动机、变速箱、动力电池）协同工作，这类系统一般统称为电子控制单元 （ECU另一类是车载电子设备，如仪表、娱乐音响、导航系统、HUD等，这类系统不直接参与汽车行驶的控制决策，不会对车辆行驶性能和安全产生影响，通常统称为车载信息娱乐系统（IVI这也是Android程序员主要负责的领域。
AndroidP HAL Vehicle
android
04-09 2722
我们上一篇简要分析了Java framework层对于property的处理和如何接收HAL Vehicle的通知进行dispatch的。 这篇简要分析HAL Vehicle 我们知道HAL Vehicle是一个HAL的hidl service。 hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/2.0 目录下有三个 hal文件 IVehicleCallback.ha...
车载 Android之 核心服务 - CarPropertyService 的VehicleHAL
github_37217206的博客
01-02 1554
本文是车载Android之核心服务-CarPropertyService的第二篇，了解一下CarPropertyService的VehicleHAL, 第一篇在车载 Android之 核心服务 - CarPropertyService 解析-CSDN博客，有兴趣的 朋友可以去看下。本节介绍 AndroidAutomotiveOS中对于 VehicleHAL,即车辆硬件抽象层的定义。前文中多次提到了 VehicleHAL,当提起 VehicleHAL的时候,它可能包含以下含义。
Android Car&Source 02 -- Vehicle Property相关管理
来个芒果1007
07-01 2132
目录 1.从UI层开始看property 最后.学习的博客如下 Android Automotive 的硬件抽象层 (HAL) 为 Android 框架提供了一致的接口（无需考虑物理传输层）。此车载 HAL 是开发 Android Automotive 实现的接口。 系统集成商可以将特定于功能的平台 HAL 接口（如 HVAC）与特定于技术的网络接口（如 CAN 总线）连接，以实现车载 HAL 模块。通过车载HAL可以实现车辆属性的接口。 1.HVAC服务 最后.学习的博客如下...
Android Automotive
06-06
Android Automotive是谷歌推出的一种基于Android操作系统的汽车娱乐和信息娱乐系统。与普通的Android系统不同，Android Automotive是专门为汽车而设计的，并提供了与车辆控制系统的连接和通信，以实现更好的驾驶体验和安全性能。Android Automotive系统支持多种语音助手和应用程序，包括导航、音乐、通讯等，通过车辆的中控屏幕和车载音响等设备提供给驾驶者和乘客使用。Android Automotive还支持无线连接，可以连接到智能手机或其他设备，以获取更多的内容和功能。目前，Android Automotive已经被多家汽车制造商采用，包括宝马、福特、沃尔沃等。

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