Python3: 调式Debugging

Debugging

# 利用好调试，能大大提高捕捉代码Bug，大部分人总是忽略Python debugger（pdb）的重要性

import pdb
def make_bread():
    pdb.set_trace()
    return "I don't have time."

print(make_bread())

> <ipython-input-4-c3676a6348d9>(4)make_bread()
-> return "I don't have time."
(Pdb) w
  d:\anaconda3\lib\runpy.py(193)_run_module_as_main()
-> "__main__", mod_spec)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\runpy.py(85)_run_code()
-> exec(code, run_globals)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel_launcher.py(16)<module>()
-> app.launch_new_instance()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\traitlets\config\application.py(658)launch_instance()
-> app.start()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelapp.py(486)start()
-> self.io_loop.start()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\platform\asyncio.py(127)start()
-> self.asyncio_loop.run_forever()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py(422)run_forever()
-> self._run_once()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\base_events.py(1432)_run_once()
-> handle._run()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\asyncio\events.py(145)_run()
-> self._callback(*self._args)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\platform\asyncio.py(117)_handle_events()
-> handler_func(fileobj, events)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\stack_context.py(276)null_wrapper()
-> return fn(*args, **kwargs)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\eventloop\zmqstream.py(450)_handle_events()
-> self._handle_recv()
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\eventloop\zmqstream.py(480)_handle_recv()
-> self._run_callback(callback, msg)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\zmq\eventloop\zmqstream.py(432)_run_callback()
-> callback(*args, **kwargs)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\tornado\stack_context.py(276)null_wrapper()
-> return fn(*args, **kwargs)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py(283)dispatcher()
-> return self.dispatch_shell(stream, msg)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py(233)dispatch_shell()
-> handler(stream, idents, msg)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\kernelbase.py(399)execute_request()
-> user_expressions, allow_stdin)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\ipkernel.py(208)do_execute()
-> res = shell.run_cell(code, store_history=store_history, silent=silent)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\zmqshell.py(537)run_cell()
-> return super(ZMQInteractiveShell, self).run_cell(*args, **kwargs)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipython\core\interactiveshell.py(2662)run_cell()
-> raw_cell, store_history, silent, shell_futures)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipython\core\interactiveshell.py(2785)_run_cell()
-> interactivity=interactivity, compiler=compiler, result=result)
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipython\core\interactiveshell.py(2909)run_ast_nodes()
-> if self.run_code(code, result):
  d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipython\core\interactiveshell.py(2963)run_code()
-> exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
  <ipython-input-4-c3676a6348d9>(6)<module>()
-> print(make_bread())
> <ipython-input-4-c3676a6348d9>(4)make_bread()
-> return "I don't have time."
(Pdb) s
--Return--
> <ipython-input-4-c3676a6348d9>(4)make_bread()->"I don't have time."
-> return "I don't have time."
(Pdb) n
--Call--
> d:\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\ipykernel\iostream.py(366)write()
-> def write(self, string):
(Pdb) c
I don't have time.

# 上个kernel运行后马上进入debugger模式
# 命令列表：
# c : 继续执行
# w : 显示当前正在执行的代码行的上下文信息
# a ：打印当前函数的参数列表
# s : 执行当前代码行，并停在第一个能停的地方（相当于单步进入）
# n : 继续执行到当前函数的下一行，或者当前行直接返回（单步跳过）
# 更多命令查看官方文档

先占个坑，后续调式技巧再补……