新时代研究生学术英语综合教程2unit3课文中英文翻译

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Traditional Chinese Medicine Today: Still Evolving after 5,000 Years

Wu Chengliang, Morag Hobbs, Liu Ning, Liang Jun

Culture Notes

1 The dawn of traditional Chinese medicine is still somewhat shrouded in mystery, with many people claiming it began anywhere from 3,000 to over 5,000 years ago. What is certain, however, is that traditional Chinese medicine, or TCM, was being tried and tested long before the inception of Western medicine, and is still evolving today.

中医的起源至今仍笼罩着一层神秘色彩，许多人认为它始于3000至5000多年前，但有一点可以肯定，早在西医出现之前，中医就被用来治病且疗效显著。时至今日，中医仍在发展进步。

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2 Practitioners of TCM train for years, learning the intricacies of herbal medicines and physical practices to treat and prevent health problems. Huang Shu, Director of Beijing Huangshu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, says TCM is a preferred form of treatment for many as it is natural and doesn’t produce drug resistance, noting “traditional Chinese medicine is going global because, to put it bluntly, people need to stay healthy.”

中医从业者需要历经数年培训，学习繁杂的草药知识和精细的理疗方法，以治疗和预防健康问题。北京黄枢中医医院的院长黄枢表示，中医是很多人首选的治疗方式，因为它天然，不会产生耐药性。他指出：“中医正走向世界，因为说得直白点，人们都需要保持健康。”

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3 TCM for a First Timer

As someone who had never before stepped into the world of TCM, I visited the Beijing-based hospital to discover more, and hopefully, find a solution for a neck problem I’ve had for a year or so. The hospital spans three floors of consultation and treatment rooms, and has an English speaking doctor to help foreign patients who want to try traditional Chinese medicine.

初试中医

作为一个从未涉足中医世界的人，我来到了位于北京的这家医院，以期对中医有进一步了解，也希望能有办法治愈困扰了自己一年左右的颈部问题。这家医院的问诊室占了三层楼，有一位会说英语的医生为求诊的外国患者提供帮助。

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4 After a quick checkup, my doctor prescribed Chinese massage, acupuncture and cupping to relax and relieve the muscles in my neck and shoulder. When asked why she chose this career, she explained, “Chinese medicine is a good way to help people, not only in their bodies, but also in their mind and in their soul.”

医生做了快速检查后，为我开出了治疗方案：用按摩、针灸和拔罐来松解肩颈的肌肉。我问医生为什么选择这一行，她解释说：“中医是个能帮到人的好方法，不仅对身体有益，也对精神和心灵有所帮助。”

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5 I was whisked away to a quiet room with a massage bed and handed some pajamas and a cup of hot tea to relax — a world away from my usual experience in a UK doctor’s surgery. After a short massage to locate the problem area, the acupuncture began. The doctor used two needle lengths, short ones for my neck and hand and longer ones for my shoulder muscles, which felt similar to a small scratch.

我很快被带到一个安静的房间，里面摆放着一张按摩床。有人递上宽松的衣裤，端来一杯热茶让我放松下来，这与我以往在英国医院外科就诊的经历有天壤之别。医生通过按摩很快找准了问题部位，接着开始针灸。医生选了两种长度的针，颈部和手上用短针，肩部肌肉用长针，虽然针的长短不一，但扎进去的感觉都像是被轻轻挠了一下。

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6 While she placed the needles, the doctor explained why she was focusing on specific areas of my body, as I questioned why I required a needle in my hand, when the pain was in my neck. She explained that traditional Chinese medicine views a person as “one skin,” where the whole body is connected, and a change in one area of the body can affect another.

医生进针时，我问她为什么颈部痛要在手上扎针，她向我解释为什么她选取我身上几个特定部位。她说中医把人看作一个整体，全身各部位互相关联，身体某一处有异样就会影响到另一处。

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7 After the needles were removed, it was time for cupping, where suction is created using heat (in this case fire), which is believed to increase blood flow and promote healing. The sensation was bizarre, like someone pulling on slightly sunburnt skin. Although not painful, it’s an unusual sensation to somebody who has never experienced it before.

取针之后，就该拔罐了。拔罐是利用热（这里用的是火）来产生吸力，这种方法据说可以增加血液流动、促进痊愈。这种感觉很奇妙，像是有人在拉扯微微晒伤的皮肤。虽说不痛，但对于从未有过如此经历的人来说，还是感觉很奇特。

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8 While I was still in somewhat of a trance, the doctor gently moved me into a number of positions and applied pressure — amounting to an almighty crack from the problem neck area. I was starting to see why TCM had remained so popular, as I quickly realized that the dull ache in my neck had disappeared.

我仍然有些晕晕乎乎的，这时医生轻轻挪了挪我的身体，给我换了几个不同的姿势，开始用力按压，直至颈部有问题的部位发出一声巨响。我开始明白为什么中医一直倍受青睐，因为很快我发现脖子上隐隐的疼痛消失了。

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9 TCM Moves Overseas

TCM is no longer only popular in China, and has been slowly moving overseas for a number of years. According to Huang, although TCM had made appearances in other countries before, it really entered the Western limelight in 1972 when then US President Richard Nixon visited China. “When Nixon visited China, we performed acupuncture anesthesia. This incident was published by The New York Times alongside the Apollo 17 Lunar landing, which set off an acupuncture fever in the United States.”

中医寻求海外发展

中医不只在中国倍受推崇，这些年来，也在逐渐走向海外。黄院长说，虽然之前中医也曾亮相海外，但它真正进入西方国家的视野是在1972年时任美国总统理查德•尼克松访华时。“尼克松访华时，我们为他施行了针灸麻醉。这件事被《纽约时报》报道，并与阿波罗17号登月的新闻刊登在一起，在美国掀起了一股针灸热。”

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10 Since the 70s, China’s relationship with the world has changed dramatically. China’s reform and opening up policies, along with extensive foreign trade in services thanks to Belt and Road links, have promoted the development of TCM culture to the world, not to mention the move of many Chinese citizens abroad for both study and work. They brought with them Chinese medicine, which in turn has become an alternative medicine in many Western countries. Moreover, details regarding traditional Chinese medicine will be included for the first time in the 11th version of the World Health Assembly’s global compendium, which will be published next year, according to Thepaper.cn in September, meaning that more people will become aware of the benefits of TCM as it is further publicized by global health organizations.

自20世纪70年代始，中国与世界的关系发生了巨大变化。中国的改革开放政策，以及“一带一路”带来的服务行业的广泛对外交流，都推动了中医文化走向世界。更不用提许多出国学习和工作的中国公民将中医带出了国门，中医也在许多西方国家成为一种替代的治疗方法。此外，据澎湃新闻网九月的消息，在世界卫生大会明年即将出版的第11版全球医学纲要中，将首次纳入有关中医药的详细内容。这意味着，随着全球卫生组织对中医药的进一步宣传，将有更多人认识到中医的益处。

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11 According to Huang, his hospital made an early start in trade in services abroad, and opened its first overseas hospital back in 2002, with hospitals still running in Jakarta and Surabaya, Indonesia.

据黄院长介绍，他所在的医院在拓展海外业务方面起步较早，早在2002年就开设了第一家海外中医院，如今在印尼雅加达和苏腊巴亚的几家医院仍在运营。

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12 “Back in 1996, I was already treating patients, mostly politicians in the Philippines and in Thailand. We also receive a lot of patients from Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. We are also establishing an exchange program with Russia, from which international students will come to study our unique acupuncture microsurgery.”

“早在1996年，我就已经在诊治外国病人了，那时接诊的主要是菲律宾和泰国的政界人士。我们也接诊了许多来自印尼、马来西亚、新加坡、泰国和越南的病人。我们还与俄罗斯共建了一个交换项目，留学生将通过该项目学习我们独创的针灸微手术。”

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13 Huang explains that the hospital wanted to put more focus on service trade — to export treatment and to bring in patients from other countries.

黄院长解释说，医院希望把更多精力放在服务拓展上──输出治疗技术，同时引入外国病人。

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14 China’s reform and opening-up has witnessed more TCM doctors travel to, and exchange with, even the most unexpected of countries. For example

中国的改革开放见证了越来越多的中医师出国访问与交流，他们甚至去到了一些出人意料的国家。例如，甘肃省卫健委官员梁保平十月份告诉新华网，目前，在马达加斯加的中医医疗中心项目正在进行中。梁委员说：“中国政府将拨款500万元人民币（约72万美元）派遣专家前往坐落于马达加斯加的这个医疗中心，用中医药提高该国的疾病预防能力。”
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15 As China opens up further to the world, more foreigners are visiting the country than ever before, meaning more come to understand and appreciate TCM. According to an article published by Beijing Daily on Oct.15, a TCM experience center will be built for the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing to provide medical services and spread TCM culture. TCM services were already recognized at the Beijing 2008 Olympics, with many Western athletes such as Michael Phelps showing off the marks of cupping and other TCM methods during the event.

随着中国进一步对外开放，到访中国的外国人比以往任何时候都多了，这意味着更多的人开始了解并认可中医。据《北京日报》10月15日刊文称，2022年冬奥会将在北京设立一家中医体验馆，为北京冬奥会提供医疗服务，传播中医药文化。中医服务在2008年北京奥运会上已经得到了认可，许多西方运动员，如迈克尔•菲尔普斯，曾在赛场上展示拔火罐及其他中医疗法留下的印记。
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16 “We have made efforts for Chinese medicine to reach the rest of the world, and now Chinese medicine is gradually becoming accepted.” explained Huang.

“我们为中医走向世界作出了努力，现在中医逐渐被世界各国所接受。”黄院长解释说。
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17 TCM Modernizes at Home

Although TCM has an extensive history, its roots aren’t solely entrenched in the past. Doctors have been developing new techniques to use TCM as an alternative method of surgery. By studying the ancient nine-needle therapy and combining it with modern anatomy, Huang’s hospital has established a type of acupuncture microsurgery, which, Huang assures, can solve medical problems in a less invasive way than a traditional operation.

中医在国内实现现代化
中医有着悠久的历史，但并没有因循守旧。中医师们一直在研发新的技艺，力求使中医成为外科手术的一种替代手段。黄院长的医院研究了古代九针疗法，并将其与现代解剖学结合起来，从而开创了针法微型外科手术。黄院长确信，与传统手术相比，这种疗法在解除患疾时留下的创伤更小。
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18 “The remarkable characteristic of acupuncture microsurgery is that it can solve the problems that Western medicine cannot remedy without surgery. Many patients come to us when they have already had an unsuccessful operation, and walk away cured.”

“针灸微手术的显著特点是它能解决西医必须开刀才能解决的问题。许多患者来找我们时已经历过一次失败的手术，等他们离院时就已经治愈了。”
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19 By combining ancient methods with modern principles and ideas, it’s easy to see why TCM is standing the test of time. More than the science behind it, the draw, for me at least, is the way that traditional Chinese medicine assesses the whole body as one, the way the methods work together and encompass your body and mind. After two hours of treatment, I felt more centered and more aware of my own body. Better yet, I have hardly felt any pain in my neck since, so the treatment’s intended purpose definitely worked.

将古代的方法与现代的原则和理念相结合，这就不难理解为什么中医能够经受住时间的考验。至少对我来说，中医的魅力不仅在于其背后的科学性，更重要的是它将全身作为一个整体来评估，用不同的方法共同发挥效力、作用于患者的身心。经过两个小时的治疗，我感觉心境更平和了，也更了解自己的身体。更妙的是，自那以后，我几乎再也没感到任何颈部不适，可见治疗的确达到了预期的效果。
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20 Amid stressful modern life, it’s clear why so many people are looking to TCM to deal with both internal and external problems, and why it’s becoming more popular overseas.

现代生活压力巨大，不难明白为什么那么多人寻求中医来治疗身体内外的问题，也不难明白为什么中医在海外日益受到追捧。
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21 “Traditional Chinese medicine is a culture that should be spread throughout the world, and my mission is to communicate it to the rest of the world,” said Huang.

黄院长表示：“中医文化应向全世界推广，我的使命就是将中医传播到全世界。”