作为一个ROS菜鸟,在按照ros wiki上的教程一步一步的走的过程中,在自己配置msg和srv文件时,遇到了编译的问题,分析问题,发现是package下的CMakeLists.txt文件配置出现问题。
以下是创建并编译一个新的package后生成的CMakeLists.txt文件内容。
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.3)
project(chloe)
## Find catkin macros and libraries
## if COMPONENTS list like find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS xyz)
## is used, also find other catkin packages
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS roscpp rospy std_msgs)
## System dependencies are found with CMake's conventions
# find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS system)
## Uncomment this if the package has a setup.py. This macro ensures
## modules and scripts declared therein get installed
# catkin_python_setup()
#######################################
## Declare ROS messages and services ##
#######################################
## Generate messages in the 'msg' folder
# add_message_files(
# FILES
# Message1.msg
# Message2.msg
# )
## Generate services in the 'srv' folder
# add_service_files(
# FILES
# Service1.srv
# Service2.srv
# )
## Generate added messages and services with any dependencies listed here
# generate_messages(
# DEPENDENCIES
# std_msgs
# )
###################################################
## Declare things to be passed to other projects ##
###################################################
## LIBRARIES: libraries you create in this project that dependent projects also need
## CATKIN_DEPENDS: catkin_packages dependent projects also need
## DEPENDS: system dependencies of this project that dependent projects also need
catkin_package(
INCLUDE_DIRS include
# LIBRARIES chloe
# CATKIN_DEPENDS roscpp rospy std_msgs
# DEPENDS system_lib
)
###########
## Build ##
###########
## Specify additional locations of header files
include_directories(include
${catkin_INCLUDE_DIRS}
)
## Declare a cpp library
# add_library(chloe
# src/${PROJECT_NAME}/chloe.cpp
# )
## Declare a cpp executable
# add_executable(chloe_node src/chloe_node.cpp)
## Add dependencies to the executable
# add_dependencies(chloe_node ${PROJECT_NAME})
## Specify libraries to link a library or executable target against
# target_link_libraries(chloe_node
# ${catkin_LIBRARIES}
# )
#############
## Install ##
#############
## Mark executable scripts (Python etc.) for installation
## not required for python when using catkin_python_setup()
# install(PROGRAMS
# scripts/my_python_script
# DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )
## Mark executables and/or libraries for installation
# install(TARGETS chloe chloe_node
# ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
# LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_LIB_DESTINATION}
# RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
# )
## Mark cpp header files for installation
# install(DIRECTORY include/${PROJECT_NAME}/
# DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_INCLUDE_DESTINATION}
# FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h"
# PATTERN ".svn" EXCLUDE
# )
## Mark other files for installation (e.g. launch and bag files, etc.)
# install(FILES
# # myfile1
# # myfile2
# DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_SHARE_DESTINATION}
# )
#############
## Testing ##
#############
## Add gtest based cpp test target and link libraries
# catkin_add_gtest(${PROJECT_NAME}-test test/test_chloe.cpp)
# if(TARGET ${PROJECT_NAME}-test)
# target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}-test ${PROJECT_NAME})
# endif()
## Add folders to be run by python nosetests
# catkin_add_nosetests(test)
例如:进入自己的workspace的package下的msg文件夹,利用gedit编辑msg文件。命令如下:
cd ~/wry_ws/src/chloe/msg
gedit Num.msg
在Num.msg文件中输入以下内容并保存:
string first_name
string last_name
以上就创建了一个msg文件,下面是最关键的,需要确保msg文件被转换成为C++,Python和其他语言的源代码。
配置步骤如下:
首先查看Chloe功能包中的package.xml文件中是否包含以下两行,若没有,就加上:
<build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
<run_depend>message_runtime</run_depend>
下面利用gedit打开CMakeLists.txt文件,并对其中的需要修改及补充的内容进行说明。
#find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS roscpp rospy std_msgs)
在这里,指明了构建chloe这个package,所依赖的包,因为要使用catkin编译功能包,所以包含catkin,另外,在编译所建立的msg文件时,需要依赖message_generation,因此,去掉前面的注释,并更改为:
find_package(catkin REQUIRED COMPONENTS
roscpp
rospy
std_msgs
message_generation
)
下面修改message_files
# add_message_files(
# FILES
# Message1.msg
# Message2.msg
# )
去掉其中的注释,并将
Message1.msg
修改为自己创建的msg文件的名字。本人的修改后的代码为:
add_message_files(
FILES
Num.msg
)
注意:如果创建了srv文件,那么就需要将
# add_service_files(
# FILES
# Service1.srv
# Service2.srv
# )
中
# Service1.srv
# Service2.srv
改为自己创建的srv文件的名字,并去掉注释。
下面修改:
# generate_messages(
# DEPENDENCIES
# std_msgs
# )
需要将其注释去掉,改为:
generate_messages(
DEPENDENCIES
std_msgs
)
最后,要确保自己运行了依赖:
catkin_package(
INCLUDE_DIRS include
# LIBRARIES chloe
# CATKIN_DEPENDS roscpp rospy std_msgs
# DEPENDS system_lib
)
这里,需要添加message_runtime,并且依赖其他的package,改为:
catkin_package(
INCLUDE_DIRS include
LIBRARIES chloe
CATKIN_DEPENDS message_runtime
roscpp
rospy
std_msgs
DEPENDS system_lib
)
到此,文件中需要配置和更改就完成了。由于重新配置了CMakeLists.txt文件,因此需要对workspace尽心编译。
需要注意的是:find_package(...)
add_message_files(...)
add_service_files(...)
generate_message(...)
catkin_package(...)
这几项的先后顺序不能发生变化。
下面利用rosmsg show filename.ms和rossrv show filename.srv文件就可以查看其中的内容。
注意:所有在msg文件夹下的.msg文件都将转换为ROS所支持的语言的源文件。生成的C++头文件将会放置在~/wry_ws/devel/include/chloe/。Python脚本语言在~/wry_ws/devel/lib/python2.7/dist-package/chloe/下。