(15)雅思屠鸭第十五天：大作文观点类题目攻略

前言

大作文上六分，重点在与审题和语法。攻略的系列博客都是在说审题。

我对大作文的理解：

首先基本语法一定过关。这部分的练习可以通过 100句翻译，400句改错等资料练习。
其次认真审题，认真思考观点。如何有立场有观点，可以通过各种辩题来练习观点。练习的时候，只需要相处中文ABC就行。
最后就是基本功 词伙 的搭配。讲观点翻译成为英文。并流畅连贯。

以上三点，都是可以逐项突破的。第三项需要长时间的积累，刻苦的背诵。但是第一二项是可以短时间突破的。所以作文想要上6分，不难。

至于整个文章的框架，就按照博客的内容来就行。

观点类题目的审题

测试

题目：

Some people argue that leaders are born, not made. Do you agree or disagree?

1. 开头段

重述问题（注意使用替换词，否则不计入词数），并且抛出观点（agree; disagree; mixed）。

替换词

Leaders:

• leadership qualities
• leadership abilities
• leadership skills
• attributes
• talents
• traits
• characteristics

Born:

• innate
• inborn
• intrinsic
• natural
• inheritable
• inherited
• genetic

Not made:

• not learned
• not nurtured
• picked up
• developed

开头段范例：

People are divided over the issue of whether excellent leaders are born with relevant talents or educated to acquire valuable skills. I would argue that leadership is a mix of innate qualities and learned skills.

2. 主体段一

A 领导需要不断学习 B 提高自己 C 聪明不是后天的
背景：世界不断改变，不断学习，团队有可能犯错，不断的反思
背景：学习速度快，思考能力更强
背景：聪明是遗传的
对比：文凭很高，知识很多，但是理解力不强

An effective leader normally displays his or her exceptional capacity for personal development, which is possibly an inborn attribute. (中心句) This lies in one’s intelligence, which is inherited from parents. Education can help one achieve full potential as an ingenious person, but would never turn an intelligently challenged child into a bright one. Running an organisation requires the leader to update knowledge constantly, reflect on mistakes, make adjustments and adapt to changing situations promptly, all dependent on one’s ability to grasp and analyse information. This ability may found in a small number of people only, despite the equal access to education.

分析：

首先依据题目，写出本段的ABC
使用代词进行段落连接。
注意整段文字都围绕中心句展开，时刻呼应。

3. 主体段二

A 领导需要鼓舞他人 B 保持进步 C 相关素质不是后天的
背景：困难，挫败，危机
解释：乐观，坚忍不拔，勇敢，能屈能伸
对比：书本可能强调其重要性，但是没有具体的训练去提升

Another prominent leadership quality is the ability to motivate others, which is also intrinsic. (中心句)There are challenges, setbacks and crises that a corporation should overcome on the road to success, and a charismatic leader should be able to show optimism and compusure in the face of adverity and instill a sense of determination in employees. （背景）The positive attitude, preseverance, bravery and resilience are attributes that cannot be imparted by schools.(呼应主题) Even through some books underline the importance of these qualities, educational institutions do not have courses or training sessions to improve the performance of people in these criteria.(再次对比，解释上一句)

4. 主体段三

A 领导需要设计一个企业 B 从学校里学习这些技能 C 后天形成
背景：企业很多人组成，行为脾气等不一样，需要制度和架构来管理行为，确保有效率
解释：企业管理，团队管理，成功的案例，学者介绍的方法
举例：订立行为规范，奖励优秀的员工
结论：人出生的时候不具备这样的知识

On the other hand, leaders are not born to possess some skills for managing an organisation or team, which are normally acquired during their lifetime.(中心句) Companies consist of individuals, who differ in temper, habits and attitudes, so it is necessary for a leader to design rules and corporate structures to regulate the behaviour of staff to ensure efficiency(背景). They can attend some courses to learn methods and draw upon experience of successful entrepreneurs about how to manage a corporation effectively, such as the code of conduct imposed on employees and the remuneration policy that rewards high performers. Nobody could be endowed with this kind of knowledge at birth or smart enough to design all policies without support or inspiration from others.

5. 结尾段

In conclusion, i would argue that leaders have some innate qualities that are rarely found in ordinary people, but to achieve effective leadership, one should also be equipped with skills and knowledge in formal education.