编程语言开发编程语言_（编程）语言爆炸

编程语言开发编程语言

I couldn't be prouder. My little sixteen-month-old Z said "Mommy Bathing in the Water" while my wife was in the shower. He said it with American Sign Language (ASL), a language we've been teaching Z. I think it's a big deal because he independently strung these words together, one after another, and made a declaration.

我不能为此感到骄傲。 我16岁的小Z在妻子洗澡时说“妈妈在水中洗澡”。 他用美国手语(ASL)(我们一直在教Z的一种语言)说过这句话。 我认为这很重要，因为他一个接一个地将这些字词相互串起来，并发表了声明。

The Language Explosion has begun with my little man. He's starting to speak more and more (verbally) and my wife is continuing to (try) to speak to him in her language. When he starts school he'll (hopefully) be in an Spanish immersion program, so he'll theoretically have four languages going forward. (ASL qualifies as a foreign language in college and has a different sentence structure than English.)

语言爆炸始于我的小矮人。 他开始越来越多地(口头)说话，而我的妻子继续(尝试)用她的语言与他说话。 当他开始上学时，他(希望)会参加西班牙语的沉浸式课程，因此从理论上讲，他将掌握四种语言。 (ASL在大学中有资格作为外语，并且其句子结构与英语不同。)

The "language events" of the last few weeks got me thinking about choosing Programming Languages.

最近几周的“语言事件”使我开始考虑选择编程语言。

(No, not for Z, hopefully he'll be much more well-rounded than I, and will NOT be a programmer.)

(不，不是Z，希望他比我更加全面，并且不会成为程序员。)

There are many folks who study linguistic learning in young people and the conventional wisdom says that learning between 4 and 5 languages is quite reasonable, even easy, if some basic rules are followed. Things like one language per care-giver, consistency, etc.

有许多人在年轻人中学习语言学习，而传统观念认为，如果遵循一些基本规则，则在4至5种语言之间学习是相当合理的，甚至是容易的。 像每个照顾者使用一种语言，保持一致性等。

If a theoretical child (not mine) was to get "good language coverage" from a population perspective - trying to pick a set of languages that would enable the child to communicate with the largest number of people - they might want to learn English, Chinese, Spanish, Hindi, Russian and maybe Arabic. If a theoretical person wanted to learn a set of programming languages that would enable them to write code today with a good chance of getting a job they might want to learn Java, C, C#, PHP, Ruby, maybe Javascript and possibly Python.

如果理论上的孩子(不是我的孩子)要从人口的角度获得“良好的语言覆盖率”-尝试选择一组语言以使孩子能够与最多的人进行交流-他们可能想学习英语，汉语，西班牙语，北印度语，俄语以及阿拉伯语。 如果有理论的人想学习一套编程语言，使他们今天有机会找到工作的机会就可以编写代码，那么他们可能想学习Java，C，C＃，PHP，Ruby，Javascript和Python。

However, if a theoretical child wanted to get a good set of solid languages that would enable them to more easily learn other languages, they might want to learn English and Spanish (Indo-European Family), Chinese (Sino-Tibetan Family), Arabic (Afro-Asiatic Family), Swahili (Niger-Congo Family) and maybe Japanese or Turkish (Altaic Family). These languages would give the child very broad exposure to different structures and tones.

但是，如果一个有理论的孩子想要获得一套好的母语，使他们能够更轻松地学习其他语言，则他们可能想学习英语和西班牙语(印欧语系)，中文(中藏语系)，阿拉伯语(亚非裔家庭)，斯瓦希里语(尼日尔-刚果族)和日本或土耳其(阿尔泰族)。 这些语言将使孩子广泛接触不同的结构和语调。

What programming languages would a new Student of Programming want to learn in order to get good coverage and enable them, at an early age (or stage in their career) to not only learn other languages but also solve problems in non-traditional ways.

新的编程学生想要学习哪种编程语言，以便获得良好的覆盖面，并使他们能够在早期(或职业生涯的某个阶段)不仅学习其他语言，还可以以非传统方式解决问题。

An parallel could be drawn between an older life-long English speaker having trouble learning a language because the sentence structure of the new language is so very different from English, or a tonal language like Mandarin where the English speaker's brain simply can't hear the tones.

可能会在年龄较长，终身学习的英语使用者(因为新语言的句子结构与英语有很大不同)或英语这样的声调语言(英语发音者的大脑根本听不到)而难以学习该语言之间存在相似之处音调。

Studies have show that children who are exposed to tonal languages at some length, like Mandarin, before their second year can lay the pathways to recognize and distinguish between "similar" tones years later. But they have to hear the tones early in life.

研究表明，在第二年之前接触过一定长度的音调语言(例如普通话)的孩子可以在几年后奠定识别和区分“相似”音调的途径。 但是他们必须在生命的早期听到这些声音。

What programming languages should a New Programmer experience early so that they might be more able to "hear the tones later" when a new languages comes along? What language should a new programmer be exposed to first?

什么编程语言应该在新的编程经验，早，所以他们可能更能够“后来听到铃声”当一个新的语言走来？ 新程序员应该首先使用哪种语言？

Should we make selections from the major Programming Language "families"?

我们是否应该从主要的编程语言“家族”中进行选择？

• Imperative - statements that contain a sequence of commands

  命令式-包含一系列命令的语句

  • Fortran, C, Pascal, VB, LISP
    Fortran，C，Pascal，VB，LISP

  • Object-Oriented

    面向对象

    • Smalltalk, Java, C#, Ruby, LISP
      Smalltalk，Java，C＃，Ruby，LISP

• Declarative - "It's like this, figure it out"

  声明式-“就是这样，弄清楚”

  • XSLT, SQL (kinda)
    XSLT，SQL(种类)

• Logical - describe some theoretical state and the steps it implies, and work backwards to solve

  逻辑-描述一些理论状态及其所暗示的步骤，并向后工作以解决

  • Prolog
    序言

• Functional - Keep it stateless and create functions, often recursive

  功能性-使其保持无状态并创建功能(通常是递归的)

  • ML, Haskell, Common LISP
    ML，Haskell，通用LISP

Should young (or new) programmers be taught many languages and philosophies, or just ones that will get them a job? Should we optimize for language coverage or language diversity?

应该向年轻(或新加入)的程序员学习许多语言和哲学，或者只是教给他们一种工作？ 我们应该针对语言覆盖率或语言多样性进行优化吗？

If there are benefits in teaching young children Chinese because of the language's complexity and tonal qualities, is there a benefit in teaching new programmers Lisp for the (mostly) same reasons?

如果由于语言的复杂性和音调素质而在幼儿汉语教学方面有好处，那么出于(大多数)相同的原因，在教新的程序员Lisp方面有好处吗？

Speaking only to Basic's comparative "linguistic" value, to be clear. if Lisp is comparable to Chinese then should Basic considered on par with English Slang?

需要明确的是，仅谈到Basic的比较“语言”价值。 如果Lisp可以与中文媲美，那么Basic应该和English Slang并驾齐驱吗？

翻译自: https://www.hanselman.com/blog/the-programming-language-explosion

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