Boost之事件处理Boost.Signals

2013-08-11 wcdj

很多开发者在听到术语'事件处理'时就会想到GUI：点击一下某个按钮，相关联的功能就会被执行。 点击本身就是事件，而功能就是相对应的事件处理器。这一模式的使用当然不仅限于GUI。 一般情况下，任意对象都可以调用基于特定事件的专门函数。 本章所介绍的Boost.Signals 库提供了一个简单的方法在 C++ 中应用这一模式。

严格来说，Boost.Function 库也可以用于事件处理（http://blog.csdn.net/delphiwcdj/article/details/9564659）。 不过，Boost.Function 和 Boost.Signals 之间的一个主要区别在于，Boost.Signals 能够将一个以上的事件处理器关联至单个事件。 因此，Boost.Signals 可以更好地支持事件驱动的开发，当需要进行事件处理时，应作为第一选择。

boost_1_54_0/boost/signals.hpp头文件说明：

#ifndef BOOST_SIGNAL_HPP
#define BOOST_SIGNAL_HPP

#ifndef BOOST_SIGNALS_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING
# if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__DMC__)
#  pragma message ("Warning: Boost.Signals is no longer being maintained and is now deprecated. Please switch to Boost.Signals2. To disable this warning message, define BOOST_SIGNALS_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING.")
# elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__HP_aCC) || defined(__SUNPRO_CC) || defined(__IBMCPP__)
#  warning                  "Boost.Signals is no longer being maintained and is now deprecated. Please switch to Boost.Signals2. To disable this warning message, define BOOST_SIGNALS_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING."
# endif
#endif

测试代码：

#include <boost/signal.hpp> 
//#include <boost/signals2.hpp> 
#include <iostream> 

void func() 
{ 
	std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl; 
} 

int main() 
{ 
	boost::signal<void ()> s; 
	s.connect(func); 
	s(); 
} 

以上代码在x86_64使用boost_1_54_0编译链接时报错：

mba:signals gerryyang$ g++ singals.cpp -o singals
In file included from singals.cpp:1:
/usr/local/include/boost/signal.hpp:17:4: warning: #warning "Boost.Signals is no longer being maintained and is now deprecated. Please switch to Boost.Signals2. To disable this warning message, define BOOST_SIGNALS_NO_DEPRECATION_WARNING."
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "boost::signals::connection::~connection()", referenced from:
      _main in ccrwHjrA.o
      boost::signals::detail::slot_base::data_t::~data_t()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::signal_base::signal_base(boost::function2<bool, boost::signals::detail::stored_group, boost::signals::detail::stored_group> const&, boost::any const&)", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::signal0(boost::last_value<void> const&, std::less<int> const&)in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::signal_base::~signal_base()", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::signal0(boost::last_value<void> const&, std::less<int> const&)in ccrwHjrA.o
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::~signal0()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::named_slot_map::end()", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::operator()()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::named_slot_map::begin()", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::operator()()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::signal_base_impl::connect_slot(boost::any const&, boost::signals::detail::stored_group const&, boost::shared_ptr<boost::signals::detail::slot_base::data_t>, boost::signals::connect_position)", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::connect(boost::slot<boost::function<void ()()> > const&, boost::signals::connect_position)in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::call_notification::call_notification(boost::shared_ptr<boost::signals::detail::signal_base_impl> const&)", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::operator()()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::call_notification::~call_notification()", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::operator()()in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::detail::slot_base::create_connection()", referenced from:
      boost::slot<boost::function<void ()()> >::slot<void ()()>(void ( const&)())in ccrwHjrA.o
  "boost::signals::trackable::~trackable()", referenced from:
      boost::signal0<void, boost::last_value<void>, int, std::less<int>, boost::function<void ()()> >::~signal0()in ccrwHjrA.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status

参考：

[1] http://zh.highscore.de/cpp/boost/  第四章 事件处理