STM32串口通讯中断接收

串口的设置

串口的时序和工作原理就不写了，主要写如何应用
串口的设置除了GPIO外，需要设置的参数有波特率、数据位、停止位，校验方式；
GPIO输出配置AF_PP复用推挽输出
GPIO出入配置IN_FLAOTING浮空输入
USART的配置为115200的波特率，8位数据长度，1位停止位，无校验，无硬件流控制

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

/* config USART1 clock */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1 | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);//打开GPIO和USART1时钟

/* USART1 GPIO config */
/* Configure USART1 Tx (PA.09) as alternate function push-pull */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;//复用推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);    
/* Configure USART1 Rx (PA.10) as input floating */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;//浮空输入
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);

/* USART1 mode config */
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);

/*使能串口1的接收中断 */
USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
//使能串口1
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);

配置接收中断的中断等级

	
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; 
/* Configure the NVIC Preemption Priority Bits */  
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_0);

/* Enable the USARTy Interrupt */
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;	 
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

接收中断函数的实现

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	uint8_t ch;
	if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) != RESET)
	{ 	
	    //ch = USART1->DR;
		ch = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
	  	printf( "%c", ch );    //将受到的内容发送出去
	}  
}

发送数据的实现

/* 发送一个字节到串口 */
USART_SendData(USART1, (uint8_t) ch);
/*等待发送完成*/
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);

实现调试的printf，scanf函数

实现printf和scanf函数必须要重写，并包含#include <stdio.h>

/// 重定向c库中printf到USART1
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
		USART_SendData(USART1, (uint8_t) ch);
		while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);		
	
		return (ch);
}

/// 重定向c库中scanf到USART1
int fgetc(FILE *f)
{
		while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_RXNE) == RESET);//等待串口函数

		return (int)USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
}