Unity生成UDP客户端/服务器

在开发过程中，我们经常会遇到网络通讯的问题，对于一些实验性系统的调试、控制、状态传送还都是挺有帮助的，这里记录一下UDP的基础代码，如果作为服务器的话，可能还需要额外处理回复目标的逻辑（比如记录消息来源的清单等），这里就比较单纯的整理了一下，有需要的可以取用。

需要注意，消息的编码可能影响不同的语言，对于中文等可能需要对应修改。

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;

public class UDPNetwork : MonoBehaviour
{
    private int _localPort = 0;//本地端口，IP默认本地IP
    private int _remotePort = 0;//远端端口与IP地址
    private string _remoteIP="127.0.0.1";

    private UdpClient udpClient = null;

    public delegate void NetworkMessageEventHandler(string msg, int port, string IP);
    public event NetworkMessageEventHandler OnReceiveNetworkMessage;//通过此事件接收到消息做后续处理
    public event NetworkMessageEventHandler OnSendNetworkMessage;//通过此事件广播发送的消息内容，以便做后续处理

    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        //如果不希望在本脚本的接收回调或者发送回调中处理数据，可以绑定相应事件进行处理，其他脚本绑定事件时要先找到本对象
        //例如：FindObjectOfType<UDPNetwork>().OnReceiveNetworkMessage
        //具体要看有几个实例采取不同的操作
        this.OnReceiveNetworkMessage += ReceiveMsgDebugLog;
        this.OnSendNetworkMessage += SendMsgDebugLog;
        SetupUDP(10250, "127.0.0.1", 2050);//自己调用也行，外部调用也行
    }

    // Update is called once per frame
    void Update()
    {
        if (Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space))
            SendUdpMessage("space pressed");

        if (Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Return))
            SendUdpMessage("Return Pressed", _remoteIP, _remotePort == 2050 ? 2051 : 2050);

    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 使用本函数创建客户端
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="localPort"></param>
    /// <param name="remoteIP"></param>
    /// <param name="remotePort"></param>
    public void SetupUDP(int localPort, string remoteIP, int remotePort)
    {
        CreateClient(localPort);
        _remoteIP=remoteIP;
        _remotePort=remotePort;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 根据SetTarget函数的设定，创建客户端并开始监听接收消息
    /// </summary>
    private void CreateClient(int port)
    {
        udpClient = new UdpClient(port);
        udpClient?.BeginReceive(ReceiveCallBack, null);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 发送消息到设定的IP与端口，默认到上一个目标
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="msg">消息文本</param>
    public void SendUdpMessage(string msg)
    {
        SendUdpMessage(msg, _remoteIP, _remotePort);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 发送消息到本函数指定的IP与端口
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="msg">消息文本</param>
    /// <param name="rIP">目标IP</param>
    /// <param name="rPort">目标端口</param>
    public void SendUdpMessage(string msg, string rIP, int rPort)
    {
        byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
        _remoteIP = rIP;
        _remotePort = rPort;
        udpClient?.BeginSend(bytes, bytes.Length, rIP, rPort, SendCallBack, null);
        OnSendNetworkMessage?.Invoke(msg,rPort,rIP);
    }


    /// <summary>
    /// 异步接收消息回调
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ar"></param>
    private void ReceiveCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        IPEndPoint remoteEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
        byte[] data = udpClient?.EndReceive(ar, ref remoteEndPoint);
        string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data);
        //Debug.Log($"From {remoteEndPoint.Address.ToString()}:{remoteEndPoint.Port} Get Message : {msg}");
        udpClient?.BeginReceive(ReceiveCallBack, null);
        OnReceiveNetworkMessage?.Invoke(msg,remoteEndPoint.Port,remoteEndPoint.Address.ToString());
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 异步发送消息回调
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="ar"></param>
    private void SendCallBack(IAsyncResult ar)
    {
        if (udpClient.EndSend(ar) == 0)
        {
            Debug.LogError("SendError");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 程序退出时记得关闭socket释放端口资源
    /// </summary>
    private void OnApplicationQuit()
    {
        udpClient?.Close();
    }

    private void ReceiveMsgDebugLog(string msg, int port, string IP)
    {
        Debug.Log($"Receive Message [{msg}] from {IP}:{port}");
    }

    private void SendMsgDebugLog(string msg, int port, string IP)
    {
        Debug.Log($"Send Message [{msg}] to {IP}:{port}");
    }
}