为保证数据的可靠性,I2C总线的数据传送有严格的时序要求。I2C总线的起始信号、终止信号、发送“0”及发送“
I2C起始信号程序
void I2cStart()
{
SCL = 1;
SDA = 1;
delay5us();
SDA = 0;
delay5us();
}
I2C终止信号程序
void I2cStop()
{
SCL = 0;
SDA = 0;
SCL = 1;
delay5us();
SDA = 1;
delay5us();
}
I2C主机读从机应答
bit ReadACK()
{
SCL = 1;
delay5us();
if(SDA)
{
SCL = 0;
return(1);
}
else
{
SCL = 0;
return(0);
}
}
I2C主机发送应答
void SendACK(bit i)
{
SCL = 0;
if(i)
SDA = 1;
else
SDA = 0;
SCL = 1;
delay5us();
SCL = 0; //拉低时钟总线
SDA = 1; //释放数据总线
}
写一个字节操作
bit I2CWrite(unsigned char dat) //I2C总线写操作,待写入字节dat,返回值为应答状态
{
bit ack; //用于暂存应答位的值
unsigned char mask; //用于探测字节内某一位值的掩码变量
for (mask=0x80; mask!=0; mask>>=1) //从高位到低位依次进行
{
if ((mask&dat) == 0) //该位的值输出到SDA上
I2C_SDA = 0;
else
I2C_SDA = 1;
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 1; //拉高SCL
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 0; //再拉低SCL,完成一个位周期
}
I2C_SDA = 1; //8位数据发送完后,主机释放SDA,以检测从机应答
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 1; //拉高SCL
ack = I2C_SDA; //读取此时的SDA值,即为从机的应答值
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 0; //再拉低SCL完成应答位,并保持住总线
return (~ack); //应答值取反以符合通常的逻辑:0=不存在或忙或写入失败,1=存在且空闲或写入成功
}
读一个字节操作
unsigned char I2CReadACK() //I2C总线读操作,并发送应答信号,返回值为读到的字节
{
unsigned char mask;
unsigned char dat;
I2C_SDA = 1; //首先确保主机释放SDA
for (mask=0x80; mask!=0; mask>>=1) //从高位到低位依次进行
{
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 1; //拉高SCL
if(I2C_SDA == 0) //读取SDA的值
dat &= ~mask; //为0时,dat中对应位清零
else
dat |= mask; //为1时,dat中对应位置1
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 0; //再拉低SCL,以使从机发送出下一位
}
I2C_SDA = 0; //8位数据发送完后,拉低SDA,发送应答信号
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 1; //拉高SCL
I2CDelay();
I2C_SCL = 0; //再拉低SCL完成应答位,并保持住总线
return dat;
}
全版本
#include<string.h>
#include<reg52.h>
#include<intrins.h>
#define DELAY_TIME 60 /*经实验,不要小于50!否则可能造成时序混乱*/
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
sbit SCL=P1^7;/*假设由P1.7和P1.6控制*/
sbit SDA=P1^6;
/********** Function Definition 函数定义 ************/
void DELAY(unsigned int t) /*延时函数*/
{
while(t!=0)
t--;
}
void I2C_Start(void)
{
/*启动I2C总线的函数,当SCL为高电平时使SDA产生一个负跳变*/
SDA=1;
SCL=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SDA=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SCL=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
}
void I2C_Stop(void)
{
/*终止I2C总线,当SCL为高电平时使SDA产生一个正跳变*/
SDA=0;
SCL=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SDA=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SCL=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
}
void SEND_0(void) /* SEND ACK */
{
/*发送0,在SCL为高电平时使SDA信号为低*/
SDA=0;
SCL=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SCL=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
}
void SEND_1(void)
{
/*发送1,在SCL为高电平时使SDA信号为高*/
SDA=1;
SCL=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
SCL=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
}
bit Check_Acknowledge(void)
{
/*发送完一个字节后检验设备的应答信号*/
SDA=1;
SCL=1;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME/2);
F0=SDA;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME/2);
SCL=0;
DELAY(DELAY_TIME);
if(F0==1)
return FALSE;
return TRUE;
}
void WriteI2CByte(char b)reentrant
{
/*向I2C总线写一个字节*/
char i;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
if((b<<i)&0x80)
SEND_1();
else
SEND_0();
}
char ReadI2CByte(void)reentrant
{
/*从I2C总线读一个字节*/
char b=0,i;
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
SDA=1; /*释放总线*/
SCL=1; /*接受数据*/
DELAY(10);
F0=SDA;
DELAY(10);
SCL=0;
if(F0==1)
{
b=b<<1;
b=b|0x01;
}
else
b=b<<1;
}
return b;
}
/**********以下为读写24c02的函数**********/
void Write_One_Byte(char addr,char thedata)
{
bit acktemp=1;
/*write a byte to mem*/
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa0);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
WriteI2CByte(addr);/*address*/
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
WriteI2CByte(thedata);/*thedata*/
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
I2C_Stop();
}
void Write_A_Page(char *buffer,char addr)
{
bit acktemp=1;
bit wrtmp;
int i;
/*write a page to at24c02*/
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa0);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
WriteI2CByte(addr);/*address*/
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
for(i=0;i<7;i++)
{
WriteI2CByte(buffer[i]);
if(!Check_Acknowledge())
{
I2C_Stop();
}
}
I2C_Stop();
}
char Read_One_Byte(char addr)
{ bit acktemp=1;
char mydata;
/*read a byte from mem*/
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa0);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
WriteI2CByte(addr);/*address*/
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa1);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
mydata=ReadI2CByte();
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
return mydata;
I2C_Stop();
}
void Read_N_Bytes(char *buffer,char n,char addr)
{
bit acktemp=1;
int i=0;
/*read 8 bytes from mem*/
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa0);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
WriteI2CByte(addr);/*address*/
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
I2C_Start();
WriteI2CByte(0xa1);
acktemp=Check_Acknowledge();
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
buffer[i]=ReadI2CByte();
if(i!=n-1)
SEND_0(); /*发送应答*/
else
SEND_1(); /*发送非应答*/
}
I2C_Stop();
}
void main()
{
int i;
char mybyte;
char myarray[8];
char myarray2[8];
char rdarray[16];
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
{
myarray[i]=i;
myarray2[i]=i+0x08;
}
Write_One_Byte(0x20,0x28);
Write_A_Page(myarray,0x10);
Write_A_Page(myarray2,0x18);
mybyte=Read_One_Byte(0x20);
Read_N_Bytes(rdarray,16,0x10);
}