对于母语非英语的同学,用英语来表达一种专业技术本身就是一个挑战。而如果要是文章看起来更地道,恐怕不单单是没有语法错误就可以了。小作有幸聆听了某老外的讲座,根据笔记整理了英语学术写作中的常见不精准表达。这些表达本身语法没有问题,只是对学术英语写作来讲不那么专业。
1. though->although
2.can->may; verb directly.
can 是可以发生,但不常常发生,具有发生的可能性,但不太常常发生. 用may会比can好,或者直接用动词。
3. It is->It's
It is 是情绪化的表达,往往有生气的情绪在里面
4. important->significant
前者是非常通用的一个词,shows a word that you are not educated
5. 尽量不用some, people, good, things
6. just, even, still, only都是情绪化的口语表达方式,不适合学术英语(not only除外)
7. Besides(spoken english), in addition -> Additionally
8. Plenty(baby talk) -> adequate, sufficient, ample
9. Prove(只有数学证明用) -> imply, suggest
10. etc, and so on (lazy english) -> including
11. proper(社会关系)-> appropriate (suitable to the situation)
12. Firstly Secondly Lastly In sum : all childish english, 科技论文中不用,而是用逻辑思维的表达方式。
13. a lot, lots of -> many
14. should be(表示你是个老板,你有选择,可以表达should be, a political word)
15. needs to 绝对不要在论文中用
16. always表永恒的,宇宙中的所有地方,历史中的所有长河。科技写作用in every known case, almost, nearly always
17. never: always 的对立面. 科技论文不要用
18. more and more (baby talk) 刚学会英语的小baby的表达方式,increasingly 听起来高大上
19. perfect -> ideal
20. he/she -> They
21. 第一人称 we I out my Never used in 科技写作(小作有异议,似乎看到有些意见是同意使用we,因为就是你做的研究,而且主动语态比较好)
22. 第二人称: too personal
23. have to表示你没有其他选择
24. must->it's suggested , recommended, optimal
25. demand-> want, need, require
26. exploit (ungy word), 改用utilize
27. promote(党和销售喜欢用这个词),我们还是避开吧,改用facilitate,
28. rapid development 表显摆的情绪来显摆取得的进展
29. whole 表示一个可以被分割的整体,只是还没有分割而已。改用entire
30. new (passive word in science), 用improved
31. since 表时间上的既然,随即, 改用as or because
32. traditional: (超过两百年之前的老传统,可以用), 改用conventional
33. recently, noe, today, modern,科技论文一般直接用时间或日期
34. successful (ugly word, a business word), 改用completed
35. play a role表示你不知道它到底是个什么 改用it's involved or implicated in
36. as we all know (政治家的表述)
37. moreover, meanwhile: spoken english
38. on one hand, on the other hand 口语
39. human beings 改用human
40. so-called: informal rude meaning (吊吊的说的语气)
41. obviously->stracking, unmistakable, notably
42. pay attention to与attract much attention都是chinese thinking, 只在社交场合用
43. 单词属于standard chinglish, 不适合学术写作
44. we can see-> it's shown/indicated
45. experiment results -> experimental results
46. tedious: private emotional word
47. data是个不可数名词 后面用单数
48. try to (a weak word)改为 investigated to test
49. that means (informal spoken english) -> It appears
50. that is -> i.e.; such as -> e.g.
51. issue 一般指政治问题;用challenge
52. literature不可数名词 evidence不可数名词
53. The: the one and only present example. When uses the, it's uniqueness which is being emphasized,
A or An: one out of many e.g.,
She is the professor who teaches that class.
She is a professor in our institute.
54. 摘要的写法: 用it they第三人称,不出现第一人称; 过去时态 it indicated 或者现在完成时 it has been indicated ,不用现在时;
55. keep-> retain, maintain
56. 不用unfortunately 情绪化单词
57. complicated (带人类情感), ->complex
58. merely 情绪化单词,显摆的情绪
59. et al. -> 不用
60. locates in -> is located in
61. tyre (UK english) Tire (US english)
62. Once
63. Only
64. while
65. usually often
66. conduct carry out