【高等数学】秒杀必背积分表三角部分

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常用极限，导数，级数
秒杀必背积分表实数部分
秒杀必背积分表三角部分

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基本三角公式

$$\begin{gathered} {\sec }^{2}x-{\tan }^{2}x=1 \\ {\csc }^{2}x-{\cot }^{2}x=1 \\ \int \sec xdx=ln|\sec x+\tan x|+C \\ \int \csc xdx=ln|\csc x-\cot x|+C \\ \int \tan xdx=-\ln |\cos x|+C \\ \int \cot xdx=\ln |\sin x|+C \end{gathered}$$

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$$\begin{gathered} \int \arcsin xdx=x\arcsin x+\sqrt{1-x^2}+C \\ \int \arccos xdx=x\arccos x-\sqrt{1-x^2}+C \\ \int \arctan xdx=x\arctan x-\frac{1}{2}\ln (1+x^2)+C \\ \int arccotxdx=\frac{\pi }{2}x-\int \arctan xdx \end{gathered}$$

简单积分策略

$$\begin{gathered} \int {\sin }^{n}x{\cos }^{m}xdx \\ m，n至少一奇数，凑偶数项 \\ m，n均为偶数，倍角降幂 \\ sec偶凑tan，sec奇凑sec \end{gathered}$$

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$$\begin{gathered} 三角有理函数积分 \\ ①若R(-\sin x,\cos x)=-R(\sin x,\cos x)，凑d\cos x \\ ②若R(\sin x,-\cos x)=-R(\sin x,\cos x)，凑d\sin x \\ ③若R(-\sin x,-\cos x)=R(\sin x,\cos x)，凑d\tan x \\ {\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}f(\cos x,\sin x)dx={\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}f(\sin x,\cos x)dx \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }xf(\sin x)dx=\frac{\pi }{2}{\int }_0^{\pi }f(\sin x)dx=\pi {\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}f(\sin x)dx=\pi {\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}f(\cos x)dx \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }xf(|\cos x|)dx=\frac{\pi }{2}{\int }_0^{\pi }f(|\cos x|)dx=\pi {\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}f(\cos x)dx={\int }_0^{\pi }xf(\sin x)dx \\ {\int }_0^1{x}^m(1-x{)}^{n}dx={\int }_0^1(1-x{)}^m{x}^{n}dx \end{gathered}$$

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三角秒杀积分

$$\begin{gathered} {\int }_0^{\pi }\sin \theta d\theta =2 \\ {\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}{\sin }^n\theta \cos \theta d\theta ={\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}\sin \theta {\cos }^n\theta d\theta =\frac{1}{n+1} \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }{\sin }^2\theta d\theta ={\int }_0^{\pi }{\cos }^2\theta d\theta =\frac{\pi }{2} \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }{\sin }^3\theta d\theta =\frac{3}{4};{\int }_0^{\pi }{\cos }^3\theta d\theta =0 \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }{\sin }^4\theta d\theta ={\int }_0^{\pi }{\cos }^4\theta d\theta =\frac{3\pi }{8} \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }{\sin }^5\theta d\theta =\frac{16}{15};{\int }_0^{\pi }{\cos }^5\theta d\theta =0 \\ {\int }_0^{\pi }{\sin }^6\theta d\theta ={\int }_0^{\pi }{\cos }^6\theta d\theta =\frac{5\pi }{16} \end{gathered}$$
$${\int }_0^{\frac{\pi }{2}}{\sin }^n\theta d\theta =\{\begin{array}{c}\frac{(n-1)(n-3)\cdots 4\cdot 2}{n(n-2)(n-4)\cdots 5\cdot 3}，n为奇整数\\ \\ \frac{(n-1)(n-3)\cdots 5\cdot 3\cdot 1}{n(n-2)(n-4)\cdots 4\cdot 2}\frac{\pi }{2}，n为偶整数\end{array}$$

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其他积分

$$\{\begin{array}{c}\int e^{ax}\sin bxdx=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\left|\begin{array}{cc}(e^{ax}{)}^{\prime }& (\sin bx{)}^{\prime }\\ e^{ax}& \sin bx\end{array}\right|+C\\ \\ \int e^{ax}\cos bxdx=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}\left|\begin{array}{cc}(e^{ax}{)}^{\prime }& (\cos bx{)}^{\prime }\\ e^{ax}& \cos bx\end{array}\right|+C\end{array}$$

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一些公式

诱导公式

$$\begin{gathered} 唯几一个有负号的 \\ \cos （\pi /2+\alpha ）=-\sin \alpha \\ \tan （\pi /2+\alpha ）=-\cot \alpha \\ \cot （\pi /2+\alpha ）=-\tan \alpha \end{gathered}$$$$\begin{gathered} \sin (w(\pi -x))=\sin wx,w为奇数 \\ \sin (k(\pi -x))=-\sin kx,k为偶数 \end{gathered}$$$$\begin{gathered} \sin (\frac{n}{2}\pi ),n\in 1,2,3\cdots =(-1{)}^{\frac{n-1}{2}},n\in 1,3,5\cdots \\ \cos (\frac{n}{2}\pi ),n\in 1,2,3\cdots =(-1{)}^{\frac{n}{2}},n\in 2,4,6\cdots \end{gathered}$$

积化和差

和差化积