考研英语 长难句训练day23

例1：
I shall define him as an individual //who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life //the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.

1. define … as 将…定义为…
2. elect v.选举，选择
3. primary a.首要的，主要的
4. moral n.道德 a.道德的

1.找主句的谓语动词：define
主句：
I shall define him as an individual
我把他定义为这样一个人
2.
who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life
他选择作为他生活中主要的责任和乐趣
3.
the activity of thinking in a Socratic (苏格拉底) way about moral problems.
用苏格拉底思考方法思考道德问题

翻译：
我把他定义成这样一个人:他把以苏格拉底思考的方式思考道德问题作为他生活中主要的责任和乐趣。





例2：
Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition //that were feared nearly a century ago in the US,// when the Standard Oil trust was broken up.

1. merger v.合并，兼并
2. break up 分裂，解散
3. trust v/n.信任
4. firm 公司
5. re-create 再次产生

1.找主句的谓语动词：is
主句
Yet it is hard to imagine
然而，很难去想象
2.
that the merger today could re-create the same threats to competition
今天一些石油公司的合并会再次产生同样的竞争的威胁
3.定语从句修饰threats to competition
that were feared nearly a century ago in the US
一个世纪以前美国害怕的竞争威胁
4.
when the Standard Oil trust was broken up
当时标准石油信任被分裂

翻译：
然而，很难去想象，今天有些石油公司的合并会再次产生和一个世纪以前美国害怕同样的竞争威胁，当时标准石油因为竞争威胁信任被分裂。





例3：
John McWhorter//, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views,// sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.

1. controversial a.争论的，争辩的
2. controversy n.争论，争辩
3. controversialist n.争论者，好争论者
4. liberal a.自由的
5. conservative a.保守的
6. counter-culture 反文化
7. responsible a.负责的，有责任
8. formal a.正式的
9. linguist 语言学家
10. see A as B 把A看成B

1.找主句的谓语动词：sees
主句
John McWhorter sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture
John McWhorter 认为二十世纪60年代反文化的胜利
2.插入语
a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views
一个语言学家，一个混合着自由和保守观点的争论者。
3.
as responsible for the decline of formal English.
对正式英语的衰败负责

翻译：
John McWhorter ——一个语言学家，一个混合着自由和保守的观点的辩论家——认为二十世纪60年代反文化的胜利应该对正式英语的衰败负责。