matlab中的求导函数diff

2018-01-19

今天发现我的标题写错了，diff不知怎么写成了fill，醉醉醉

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matlab中用函数diff做求导

函数描述：DIFF Difference and approximate derivative.

语法格式：

Y = diff(X)
Y = diff(X,n)
Y = diff(X,n,dim)

1.  Y = diff(X)

  (1).  DIFF(X), for a vector X, is [X(2)-X(1)  X(3)-X(2) ... X(n)-X(n-1)].

X是长度为n容器，也就是长度为n的行向量，返回n-1长度的行向量，后一个数减去前一个数

>> x = [1 2 3 4 5];
>> diff(x)

ans =

     1     1     1     1
>>
>> x=1:10;
>> y=2*x;
>> diff(y)

ans =

     2     2     2     2     2     2     2     2     2

>> 
 

原来长度为5，结果长度为4.

   (2).  DIFF(X), for a matrix X, is the matrix of row differences,
       [X(2:n,:) - X(1:n-1,:)].

 X是个n行的矩阵，返回结果是n-1行的矩阵，后一行数减去前一行数

>> x = [ 1 1 1;2 2 2;4 4 4];
>> diff(x)

ans =

     1     1     1
     2     2     2

>> 

   (3). DIFF(X), for an N-D array X, is the difference along the firstnon-singleton dimension of X.

这个不大会，以后回了在更新吧，不过意思跟前面应该差不多。

  （4）.还有一种是单个点的导数值

>> syms x;
>> y=power(x,2);
>> y1=diff(y);
>> subs(y1,x,1)

ans =

     2

>> y,y1
 
y =
 
x^2
 
 
y1 =
 
2*x
 
 
>> 

2.  Y = diff(X,n)  

      diff(X,N) is the N-th order difference along the first non-singleton
       dimension (denote it by DIM). If N >= size(X,DIM), diff takes
       successive differences along the next non-singleton dimension.

n是求导阶数

>> x=[1 1 1;2 2 2 ;4 4 4;7 7 7];
>> diff(x)

ans =

     1     1     1
     2     2     2
     3     3     3

>> diff(x,2)

ans =

     1     1     1
     1     1     1

>> 
>> syms x;
>> y=power(x,3);
>> y1=diff(y,2);
>> subs(y1,x,2)

ans =

    12

>> y1
 
y1 =
 
6*x
 
>> 

3.  diff(X,N,DIM)

diff(X,N,DIM)is the Nth difference function along dimension DIM.
       If N >= size(X,DIM), diff returns an empty array.

求导阶数不能大于DIM

>> syms x;
>> y=power(x,3);
>> y1=diff(y,2);
>> y2=diff(y,3,2)
 
y2 =
 
6*x
 
 
>> y2=diff(y,3,3)
 
y2 =
 
6
 
 
>>