1.ubuntu18.04环境软件安装
- 安装cmake
- 安装gcc
- 安装VSCode
- 安装gdb调试工具
以上安装不做具体说明
2. VSCode 使用cmake编译C++代码配置,gdb调试生成程序
2.1 VSCode安装插件:
进入此Extensions(Ctrl+Shift+X)菜单,install 以下item:C/C++, C++ Intellisense, CMake,CMake Tools
2.2 配置工程
cmake编译代码,gdb调试程序主要在于三个文件的生成与配置,分别为tasks.json, c_cpp_properties.json, launch.json。
使用快捷键Ctrl+shift+p 弹出添加配置项。
以自己的项目为例:
我的项目目录:
CMakeLists.txt 内容为:
#CMake 要求的至少版本
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
# set the project name and version
project(Tutorial VERSION 1.0)
add_definitions(-std=c++17)
#构建的输出类型,executable是app,library是动态库,最后的.cpp 是被构建的文件名
add_executable(Tutorial Tutorial.cpp)
#add_library(Tutorial Tutorial.cpp)
2.2.1 launch.json文件
choose Run > Add Configuration... and then choose C++ (GDB/LLDB).
配置如下:
{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "(gdb) Launch",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
// "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/build/Tutorial",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"MIMode": "gdb",
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
],
"preLaunchTask": "Tutorial", //与tasks.json 的label项目同名
"miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb"
}
]
}
2.2.2 tasks.json
添加tasks.json
并修改内容如下:
{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "Tutorial",//编译的项目名,build
"type": "shell",
"command": "cd ./build ;cmake .. ;make",//编译命令
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
}
},
{
"label": "clean",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make clean",
}
]
}
2.2.3 c_cpp_properties.json
添加c_cpp_properties.json文件
Ctrl+Shift+P,输入C/C++,选择C/C++: Edit Configurations(JSON)
内容如下:
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
"cStandard": "gnu11",
"cppStandard": "gnu++17",
"intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}
全部保存,配置完成。
3. 测试结果
开始编译Ctrl+Shift+B
编译输出:
打断电即可gdb调试:
从上面可以看到,会有堆栈信息,终端输出,变量监测和表达式查看。
4.可能遇到的问题
4.1 可以编译通过,但是在引用头文件时,有波浪号错误显示
解决方案:
方案1:
重新打开该工程目录即:关闭目录再打开
方案2:
在工作区会.vscode文件夹中,
打开命令行 输入
gcc -v -E -x c++ -
出现:
将此标出菜单内容添加到c_cpp_properties.json文件中,如下
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"/usr/include/c++/7/**",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/7/**",
"/usr/include/c++/7/backward/**",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include/**",
"/usr/local/include/**",
"/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed/**",
"/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/**",
"/usr/include/**"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/bin/gcc",
"cStandard": "gnu11",
"cppStandard": "gnu++17",
"intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.cmake-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}
重新打开文件目录就可恢复正常。