Ubuntu18.04安装opencv3.4.1+opencv_contrib3.4.1

一、ubuntu18.04安装opencv3.4.1环境配置

（1）由于自己使用的是虚拟机，出现了很多问题，所以出现了很多问题，因此，记录整个安装过程。

（2）首先在github上下载源文件解压.

opencv下载 .
opencv_contrib下载.

（3）打开终端，依次执行

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config #防止后面报错
##第三条命令在ubuntu20.04下安装错误

二使用cmake-gui编译文件

（1）自动编译会报一些错，这里选择手动编译

sudo apt-get install cmake
sudo  apt-get install cmake-qt-gui
sudo cmake-gui

创建一个build文件作为存放编译后的文件，这里我们在opencv3.4.1文件夹内创建build.然后手动编译
注意事项：
OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH:选择自己的opencv_contrib中的module
勾选BULID_opencv_world
CMAKE_BULID_TYPE :填写RELEASE

先开始configure,然后修改了，再configure一次，最后再generate,就完成了build文件，在整个build过程中，可能会存在缺失文件。

cd opencv3.4.1/build
sudo make
sudo make install
sudo vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
添加: /usr/local/lib 

sudo ldconfig  #使其保存生效
sudo vim /etc/bash.bashrc

在文件末尾添加：

PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

保存退出，刷新一次bashrc

source /etc/bash.bashrc

三、测试是否安装成功

进入opencv/samples/cpp/example_cmake目录下

cmake .
make
./opencv_example

运行结果：Hello OpenCV

四 、安装过程中常见问题

1、ubuntu 常见问题系列：E：Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open
E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend - open (11: Resource temporarily unavialable)
E: Unable to acquire the dpkg fronted lock (/var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend), is another process using it?

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend
sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

2、OpenCV(3.4.1) Error: Unspecified error (The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script) in cvShowImage, file /opt/conda/conda-bld/opencv-suite_1530789967746/work/modules/highgui/src/window.cpp, line 636
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “drawing.py”, line 9, in
cv2.imshow(“Canvas”, canvas)
cv2.error: OpenCV(3.4.1) /opt/conda/conda-bld/opencv-suite_1530789967746/work/modules/highgui/src/window.cpp:636: error: (-2) The function is not implemented. Rebuild the library with Windows, GTK+ 2.x or Carbon support. If you are on Ubuntu or Debian, install libgtk2.0-dev and pkg-config, then re-run cmake or configure script in function cvShowImage
解决办法：卸载opencv,然后安装一个两个包，再重新编译

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config

opencv 调用KCF跟随代码

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp> 
#include <opencv2/video.hpp> 
#include <opencv2/tracking.hpp>
#include <opencv2/tracking/tracker.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void draw_rectangle(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*);
  Mat firstFrame;
  Point previousPoint, currentPoint;
  Rect2d bbox;
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	cout << 123 << endl;
	//启用摄像头进行跟踪
	VideoCapture capture(0);
	Mat frame;
	capture >> frame;
	//使用事先录好的视频进行检验
	//VideoCapture capture;
	//frame = capture.open("E:\\imagelib\\1.avi"); 
	if (!capture.isOpened())
	{
		printf("can not open ...\n");
		return -1;
	} //获取视频的第一帧,并框选目标 
	capture.read(firstFrame);
	if (!firstFrame.empty())
	{
		namedWindow("output", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
		imshow("output", firstFrame);
		setMouseCallback("output", draw_rectangle, 0);
		waitKey();
	}

	//使用不同跟踪算法进行跟踪 
	//Ptr<TrackerMIL> tracker= TrackerMIL::create(); 
	// Ptr<TrackerTLD> tracker= TrackerTLD::create();									   
	  Ptr<TrackerKCF> tracker = TrackerKCF::create();
	//Ptr<TrackerMedianFlow> tracker = TrackerMedianFlow::create();										  
	//Ptr<TrackerBoosting> tracker= TrackerBoosting::create(); 

	capture.read(frame);
	tracker->init(frame, bbox);
	namedWindow("output", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	while (capture.read(frame))
	{
		tracker->update(frame, bbox);
		rectangle(frame, bbox, Scalar(255, 0, 0), 2, 1);
		imshow("output", frame);
		if (waitKey(20) == 'q') return 0;
	}
	capture.release();
	destroyWindow("output"); return 0;
} //框选目标 
void draw_rectangle(int event, int x, int y, int flags, void*)
{
	if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN) { previousPoint = Point(x, y); }
	else if (event == EVENT_MOUSEMOVE && (flags&EVENT_FLAG_LBUTTON))
	{
		Mat tmp; firstFrame.copyTo(tmp);
		currentPoint = Point(x, y);
		rectangle(tmp, previousPoint, currentPoint, Scalar(0, 255, 0, 0), 1, 8, 0);
		imshow("output", tmp);
	}
	else if (event == EVENT_LBUTTONUP)
	{
		bbox.x = previousPoint.x;
		bbox.y = previousPoint.y;
		bbox.width = abs(previousPoint.x - currentPoint.x);
		bbox.height = abs(previousPoint.y - currentPoint.y);
	}
	else if (event == EVENT_RBUTTONUP) {
		destroyWindow("output");
	}

}

编译命令

g++ test.cpp -o test `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`