学习率调整策略

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 13:23:39 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-16 13:23:39 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41375318/article/details/103041772

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学习率调整策略

1.为什么要调整学习率

2.pytorch的六种学习率调整策略

3.学习率调整小结

一 create_scheduler.py

# @brief      : 人民币分类模型训练
"""
import os
import random
import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import torch.optim as optim
from PIL import Image
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from model.lenet import LeNet
from tools.my_dataset import RMBDataset

import torchvision

def transform_invert(img_, transform_train):
    """
    将data 进行反transfrom操作
    :param img_: tensor
    :param transform_train: torchvision.transforms
    :return: PIL image
    """
    if 'Normalize' in str(transform_train):
        norm_transform = list(filter(lambda x: isinstance(x, transforms.Normalize), transform_train.transforms))
        mean = torch.tensor(norm_transform[0].mean, dtype=img_.dtype, device=img_.device)
        std = torch.tensor(norm_transform[0].std, dtype=img_.dtype, device=img_.device)
        img_.mul_(std[:, None, None]).add_(mean[:, None, None])

    img_ = img_.transpose(0, 2).transpose(0, 1)  # C*H*W --> H*W*C
    if 'ToTensor' in str(transform_train):
        img_ = np.array(img_) * 255

    if img_.shape[2] == 3:
        img_ = Image.fromarray(img_.astype('uint8')).convert('RGB')
    elif img_.shape[2] == 1:
        img_ = Image.fromarray(img_.astype('uint8').squeeze())
    else:
        raise Exception("Invalid img shape, expected 1 or 3 in axis 2, but got {}!".format(img_.shape[2]) )

    return img_


def set_seed(seed=1):
    random.seed(seed)
    np.random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)
    torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)


set_seed()  # 设置随机种子
rmb_label = {"1": 0, "100": 1}

# 参数设置
MAX_EPOCH = 10
BATCH_SIZE = 16
LR = 0.01
log_interval = 10
val_interval = 1

# ============================ step 1/5 数据 ============================

split_dir = os.path.join("..", "..", "data", "rmb_split")
train_dir = os.path.join(split_dir, "train")
valid_dir = os.path.join(split_dir, "valid")

norm_mean = [0.485, 0.456, 0.406]
norm_std = [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]

train_transform = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize((32, 32)),
    transforms.RandomCrop(32, padding=4),
    transforms.RandomGrayscale(p=0.8),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize(norm_mean, norm_std),
])

valid_transform = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize((32, 32)),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize(norm_mean, norm_std),
])

# 构建MyDataset实例
train_data = RMBDataset(data_dir=train_dir, transform=train_transform)
valid_data = RMBDataset(data_dir=valid_dir, transform=valid_transform)

# 构建DataLoder
train_loader = DataLoader(dataset=train_data, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True)
valid_loader = DataLoader(dataset=valid_data, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE)

# ============================ step 2/5 模型 ============================

net = LeNet(classes=2)
net.initialize_weights()

# ============================ step 3/5 损失函数 ============================
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()                                                   # 选择损失函数

# ============================ step 4/5 优化器 ============================
optimizer = optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=LR, momentum=0.9)                        # 选择优化器
scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=10, gamma=0.1)     # 设置学习率下降策略

# ============================ step 5/5 训练 ============================
train_curve = list()
valid_curve = list()

for epoch in range(MAX_EPOCH):

    loss_mean = 0.
    correct = 0.
    total = 0.

    net.train()
    for i, data in enumerate(train_loader):

        # forward
        inputs, labels = data
        outputs = net(inputs)

        # backward
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss = criterion(outputs, labels)
        loss.backward()

        # update weights
        optimizer.step()

        # 统计分类情况
        _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, 1)
        total += labels.size(0)
        correct += (predicted == labels).squeeze().sum().numpy()

        # 打印训练信息
        loss_mean += loss.item()
        train_curve.append(loss.item())
        if (i+1) % log_interval == 0:
            loss_mean = loss_mean / log_interval
            print("Training:Epoch[{:0>3}/{:0>3}] Iteration[{:0>3}/{:0>3}] Loss: {:.4f} Acc:{:.2%}".format(
                epoch, MAX_EPOCH, i+1, len(train_loader), loss_mean, correct / total))
            loss_mean = 0.

    scheduler.step()  # 更新学习率

    # validate the model
    if (epoch+1) % val_interval == 0:

        correct_val = 0.
        total_val = 0.
        loss_val = 0.
        net.eval()
        with torch.no_grad():
            for j, data in enumerate(valid_loader):
                inputs, labels = data
                outputs = net(inputs)
                loss = criterion(outputs, labels)

                _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, 1)
                total_val += labels.size(0)
                correct_val += (predicted == labels).squeeze().sum().numpy()

                loss_val += loss.item()

            valid_curve.append(loss_val)
            print("Valid:\t Epoch[{:0>3}/{:0>3}] Iteration[{:0>3}/{:0>3}] Loss: {:.4f} Acc:{:.2%}".format(
                epoch, MAX_EPOCH, j+1, len(valid_loader), loss_val, correct / total))


train_x = range(len(train_curve))
train_y = train_curve

train_iters = len(train_loader)
valid_x = np.arange(1, len(valid_curve)+1) * train_iters*val_interval # 由于valid中记录的是epochloss，需要对记录点进行转换到iterations
valid_y = valid_curve

plt.plot(train_x, train_y, label='Train')
plt.plot(valid_x, valid_y, label='Valid')

plt.legend(loc='upper right')
plt.ylabel('loss value')
plt.xlabel('Iteration')
plt.show()

# ============================ inference ============================

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
test_dir = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "test_data")

test_data = RMBDataset(data_dir=test_dir, transform=valid_transform)
valid_loader = DataLoader(dataset=test_data, batch_size=1)

for i, data in enumerate(valid_loader):
    # forward
    inputs, labels = data
    outputs = net(inputs)
    _, predicted = torch.max(outputs.data, 1)

    rmb = 1 if predicted.numpy()[0] == 0 else 100

    img_tensor = inputs[0, ...]  # C H W
    img = transform_invert(img_tensor, train_transform)
    plt.imshow(img)
    plt.title("LeNet got {} Yuan".format(rmb))
    plt.show()
    plt.pause(0.5)
    plt.close()

二 lr_decay_scheduler.py

@brief      : 学习率下降策略

import torch
import torch.optim as optim
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
torch.manual_seed(1)

LR = 0.1
iteration = 10
max_epoch = 200
# ------------------------------ fake data and optimizer  ------------------------------

weights = torch.randn((1), requires_grad=True)
target = torch.zeros((1))

optimizer = optim.SGD([weights], lr=LR, momentum=0.9)

# ------------------------------ 1 Step LR ------------------------------
flag = 0
# flag = 1
if flag:

    scheduler_lr = optim.lr_scheduler.StepLR(optimizer, step_size=50, gamma=0.1)  # 设置学习率下降策略

    lr_list, epoch_list = list(), list()
    for epoch in range(max_epoch):

        lr_list.append(scheduler_lr.get_lr())
        epoch_list.append(epoch)

        for i in range(iteration):

            loss = torch.pow((weights - target), 2)
            loss.backward()

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        scheduler_lr.step()

    plt.plot(epoch_list, lr_list, label="Step LR Scheduler")
    plt.xlabel("Epoch")
    plt.ylabel("Learning rate")
    plt.legend()
    plt.show()


# ------------------------------ 2 Multi Step LR ------------------------------
flag = 0
# flag = 1
if flag:

    milestones = [50, 125, 160]
    scheduler_lr = optim.lr_scheduler.MultiStepLR(optimizer, milestones=milestones, gamma=0.1)

    lr_list, epoch_list = list(), list()
    for epoch in range(max_epoch):

        lr_list.append(scheduler_lr.get_lr())
        epoch_list.append(epoch)

        for i in range(iteration):

            loss = torch.pow((weights - target), 2)
            loss.backward()

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        scheduler_lr.step()

    plt.plot(epoch_list, lr_list, label="Multi Step LR Scheduler\nmilestones:{}".format(milestones))
    plt.xlabel("Epoch")
    plt.ylabel("Learning rate")
    plt.legend()
    plt.show()


# ------------------------------ 3 Exponential LR ------------------------------
flag = 0
# flag = 1
if flag:

    gamma = 0.95
    scheduler_lr = optim.lr_scheduler.ExponentialLR(optimizer, gamma=gamma)

    lr_list, epoch_list = list(), list()
    for epoch in range(max_epoch):

        lr_list.append(scheduler_lr.get_lr())
        epoch_list.append(epoch)

        for i in range(iteration):

            loss = torch.pow((weights - target), 2)
            loss.backward()

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        scheduler_lr.step()

    plt.plot(epoch_list, lr_list, label="Exponential LR Scheduler\ngamma:{}".format(gamma))
    plt.xlabel("Epoch")
    plt.ylabel("Learning rate")
    plt.legend()
    plt.show()

# ------------------------------ 4 Cosine Annealing LR ------------------------------
flag = 0
# flag = 1
if flag:

    t_max = 50
    scheduler_lr = optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(optimizer, T_max=t_max, eta_min=0.)

    lr_list, epoch_list = list(), list()
    for epoch in range(max_epoch):

        lr_list.append(scheduler_lr.get_lr())
        epoch_list.append(epoch)

        for i in range(iteration):

            loss = torch.pow((weights - target), 2)
            loss.backward()

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        scheduler_lr.step()

    plt.plot(epoch_list, lr_list, label="CosineAnnealingLR Scheduler\nT_max:{}".format(t_max))
    plt.xlabel("Epoch")
    plt.ylabel("Learning rate")
    plt.legend()
    plt.show()


# ------------------------------ 5 Reduce LR On Plateau ------------------------------
flag = 0
# flag = 1
if flag:
    loss_value = 0.5
    accuray = 0.9

    factor = 0.1
    mode = "min"
    patience = 10
    cooldown = 10
    min_lr = 1e-4
    verbose = True

    scheduler_lr = optim.lr_scheduler.ReduceLROnPlateau(optimizer, factor=factor, mode=mode, patience=patience,
                                                        cooldown=cooldown, min_lr=min_lr, verbose=verbose)

    for epoch in range(max_epoch):
        for i in range(iteration):

            # train(...)

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        if epoch == 5:
            loss_value = 0.4

        scheduler_lr.step(loss_value)


# ------------------------------ 6 lambda ------------------------------
# flag = 0
flag = 1
if flag:

    lr_init = 0.1

    weights_1 = torch.randn((6, 3, 5, 5))
    weights_2 = torch.ones((5, 5))

    optimizer = optim.SGD([
        {'params': [weights_1]},
        {'params': [weights_2]}], lr=lr_init)

    lambda1 = lambda epoch: 0.1 ** (epoch // 20)
    lambda2 = lambda epoch: 0.95 ** epoch

    scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.LambdaLR(optimizer, lr_lambda=[lambda1, lambda2])

    lr_list, epoch_list = list(), list()
    for epoch in range(max_epoch):
        for i in range(iteration):

            # train(...)

            optimizer.step()
            optimizer.zero_grad()

        scheduler.step()

        lr_list.append(scheduler.get_lr())
        epoch_list.append(epoch)

        print('epoch:{:5d}, lr:{}'.format(epoch, scheduler.get_lr()))

    plt.plot(epoch_list, [i[0] for i in lr_list], label="lambda 1")
    plt.plot(epoch_list, [i[1] for i in lr_list], label="lambda 2")
    plt.xlabel("Epoch")
    plt.ylabel("Learning Rate")
    plt.title("LambdaLR")
    plt.legend()
    plt.show()