gcc和g++的区别与联系

关注到这个问题，是在测试以下代码时发现的：

static_test.cpp//测试private修饰的静态数据成员访问方法。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
class test
{
public:
	static int i;
	test() {}
	void print();
	static void print_j();
private:
	static int j;
};
 
int test::i = 0;
int test::j = 0;
 
void test::print()
{
	cout << "print() i = "<< i << endl;
//cout << "j = "<< j << endl;
	
}
 
void test::print_j()
{
	cout << "print_j():j = "<< test::j << endl;

}


int main()
{
	test t;
	t.print();
 
	cout << "main : i = "<< t.i << endl;
	//cout << "j = "<< t.j << endl;//测试是否可以不受private作用
	test::print_j();//static方法访问

	return 0;
}

指令：

gcc -o staic_test.o static_test.cpp 

会报以下错误：

/tmp/ccm1seNZ.o：在函数‘test::print()’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x19)：对‘std::cout’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x1e)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x28)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(int)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x2d)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x35)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))’未定义的引用
/tmp/ccm1seNZ.o：在函数‘test::print_j()’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x57)：对‘std::cout’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x5c)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x66)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(int)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x6b)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x73)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))’未定义的引用
/tmp/ccm1seNZ.o：在函数‘main’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xbb)：对‘std::cout’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xc0)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xca)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(int)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xcf)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xd7)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))’未定义的引用
/tmp/ccm1seNZ.o：在函数‘__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x123)：对‘std::ios_base::Init::Init()’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x132)：对‘std::ios_base::Init::~Init()’未定义的引用
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
yuan@linx-c:~/VSCode/CPP_Learning/static_test$ gcc -c staic_test.o static_test.cpp 
gcc: error: staic_test.o: 没有那个文件或目录
yuan@linx-c:~/VSCode/CPP_Learning/static_test$ gcc -o staic_test.o static_test.cpp 
/tmp/ccfUlQxD.o：在函数‘test::print()’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x19)：对‘std::cout’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x1e)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x28)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(int)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x2d)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x35)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))’未定义的引用
/tmp/ccfUlQxD.o：在函数‘main’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x7d)：对‘std::cout’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x82)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<< <std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x8c)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(int)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x91)：对‘std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0x99)：对‘std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))’未定义的引用
/tmp/ccfUlQxD.o：在函数‘__static_initialization_and_destruction_0(int, int)’中：
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xe0)：对‘std::ios_base::Init::Init()’未定义的引用
static_test.cpp:(.text+0xef)：对‘std::ios_base::Init::~Init()’未定义的引用

采用：

g++ -o staic_test.o static_test.cpp 

或

gcc -o staic_test.o static_test.cpp -lstdc++

可正常编译通过。

分析：

gcc命令不能自动和C＋＋程序使用的库联接，所以使用gcc编译c++代码时，通常需要增加-lstdc++选项，或者直接使用g++来完成联接。

g++在编译阶段，会自动调用gcc。

 

可参考文章：https://www.cnblogs.com/liushui-sky/p/7729838.html   ，该文章对gcc和g++的区别和联系做了详细分析。