生活中你的家有客厅(Public),有你的卧室(Private)
客厅所有来的客人都可以进去,但是你的卧室是私有的,也就是说只有你能进去
但是呢,你也可以允许你的好基友进去。
在程序里,有些私有属性 也想让类外特殊的一些函数或者类进行访问,就需要用到友元的技术
友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类 访问另一个类中私有成员
有缘的关键字为 friend
友元的三种实现
1.全局函数做友元
#include<stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
//屋子 类
class Building
{
friend void goodGay(Building* building);//好丽友 !好朋友!
public:
Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
//全局函数
void goodGay(Building *building)
{
cout << "好基友的全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友全局函数 正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
Building building;
goodGay(&building);
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}
2.类做友元
#include<stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
GoodGay();
void visit();
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
//GoodGay类是本来的好朋友,可以访问本类中私有成员
friend class GoodGay;
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
//类外写成员函数
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
};
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
//创建建筑物对象
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "好基友类正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "好基友类正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main()
{
test01();
}
3.成员函数做友元
#include<stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
class Building;
class GoodGay
{
public:
GoodGay();
void visit();//让visit函数可以访问Building中私有成员
void visit2();//让visit2函数不可以访问Building中私有成员
Building* building;
};
class Building
{
//告诉编译器 GoodGay类下的visit成员函数作为本类的好朋友,可以访问私有成员
friend void GoodGay::visit();
public:
Building();
public:
string m_SittingRoom;
private:
string m_BedRoom;
};
Building::Building()
{
m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
m_BedRoom = "卧室";
};
GoodGay::GoodGay()
{
building = new Building;
}
void GoodGay::visit()
{
cout << "visit 函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
cout << "visit 函数正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void GoodGay::visit2()
{
cout << "visit2 函数正在访问:" << building->m_SittingRoom << endl;
//cout << "visit2 函数正在访问:" << building->m_BedRoom << endl;
}
void test01()
{
GoodGay gg;
gg.visit();
gg.visit2();
}
int main()
{
test01();
return 0;
}