[U3D Learning Note] Unity C# Survival Guide (18) -- LINQ

LINQ: Queries

LINQ: language intergrated query. allow us filter through data, especially filter through arrays and lists.

• Any: search wheather there is the target we want. before learning Linq, we usually use foreach loop to match a target in array or list. But by using Linq, we can use keyword any to do the same thing. 在下面这个代码中， 参数是输入为string类型返回为bool类型的Func(Func是一种特殊的delegate哦，上一节讲过的）。IEnumerable是枚举器，实现了foreach的功能，即对于每一个string类型的信息执行括号内方法并返回bool值。
  

		public string[] names = {"camus", "mizuki", "masa", "ren", "ren"};        
        // Start is called before the first frame update
        void Start()
        {
            //pass in a string and do some condition checking and then going to return a bool
            var nameFound = names.Any(name => name=="masa"); 
        }

• Contains: check if sth. were to exist. (simple ver of any 区别是any是查找是否有满足某条件的， 而Contains是查找目标是否存在于数组中）

		var nameFound = names.Contains("masa");

• Distinct: remove all duplicate elements in a collection and return only distinct or unique elements.
  

		var newNames = names.Distinct();

注意：Distinct的作用是移除重复的元素并生成新的集合来装处理过的数据。原数组的元素并不会被删除。

• Where: allow us to sort an existing collection, and create a new collection based on some condition.
  

		var selectNames = names.Where(n => n.Length>5);

Order by Descending

• OrderByDescending(): 降序排列

var desName = names.OrderByDescending(g => g);

• Reverse(): 翻转

How to Read and Convert Query Syntax

第一种是query syntax， 看上去很像mysql语句啊， 第二种就是我们前面说的linq，也就是method syntax，两种实现的功能是一样的

	int[] scores = new int[] { 97, 92, 81, 60 };
    
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        
        // Define the query expression.(query syntax)
        IEnumerable<int> scoreQuerySyntax =
            from score in scores
            where score > 80
            select score;

        // method syntax
        var scoreQuery = scores.Where(score => score>80);
    }