C++学习日志43------输入输出流、getline函数

---

一、输入输出流

#include<iostream>

int main()
{
     //拿到cin对象的缓冲区指针
    auto p = std::cin.rdbuf();

    //从键盘读入字符到缓冲区，保留所有字符在缓冲区
    auto x = std::cin.peek();

    std::cout << "x= " << x << std::endl;

    //显示缓冲区中的字符数量
    auto count = p->in_avail();
    std::cout << "There are " << count << "characters in the buffer. " << std::endl;

    //把缓冲区的字符都取出来并显示
    for (int i = 0; i < count;  i++)
    {
        std::cout << i + 1 << " :" << std::cin.get() << std::endl;
    }
    std::cin.get();
    return 0;
}

结果如上图所示。

二、getline函数

#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<array>
#include<string>
#include<filesystem>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::ifstream;
using std::string;

int main()
{
	//打开文件
	std::filesystem::path p{ R"(E:\C_pp\great_wall.txt)" };
	ifstream in{ p };
	if (!in) //!in.fail();
	{
		std::cout << "Can't open file " << p << endl;
		std::abort();
	}
	//任务1:istream:getline函数
	constexpr int SIZE = 1024;

	std::array<char, SIZE> buf;
	while (!in.eof())
	{
		in.getline(&buf[0], SIZE, '#');
		cout << &buf[0] << endl;
	}

	//任务2 std::getline函数的用法
	std::string name1{ " " };

	in.close();
	in.open(p);

	while (!in.eof())
	{
		std::getline(in, name1, '#');
		cout << name1 << endl;
	}
	std::cin.get();
}

结果如上图所示。