The Devil is in the Details: Nuances of Light Mapping

http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?familyid=a757c6cb-0e53-4d4a-9c31-db3c99163b8e&displaylang=en

IlluminateLabs(Beast的那个公司)的lead coder做的一个presentation

覆盖面比较广泛,主要是常用知识教学型的,由于一些不常用的知识点可能会淡忘,刚好是一个回顾是不错的。

 


 

近期几股暗流(light volume, light propagation volume, enlighten), 涌动,大有要取代lightmap的趋势。

lightmap的一些缺陷的确是让人很不舒服。

 

但是lightmap技术比较成熟,从mobile到nextgen都还有不错的表现,也的确带来了不错的效果。

 

零散的记录一些觉得有用的:

  • 需要将sky lighting和sun lighting分开进行考虑,两个光有各自的特点。
  • directional light map格式的选择:
  • valve派,更加直接,虽然tricky,但是cheap,只有少数情况下会看出破绽
  • spherical harmonics派,数学在背后支持,标准的旋转,插值,卷积等操作,tangent space independent,但是太耗费内存了。
  • dominant light axis,应该是早期ue3的做法,内存运算都省,但是效果没那么好,但是玩家看着还是ok的。
  • uvatlas,存储lightmap的时候常用的一个做法,可以将零散的tex集中存储,减少texture setting call,个人觉得有可能因为内存会变得比较散,导致cache效率不是很好,但是相比好处,这点代价也可以忽略了。
  • 计算shadow的时候,不要单纯把lighting intensity做一个缩小(类似*0.2)这种操作,而是在shadow里面就把direct lighting减掉,剩余ambient lighting这种
  • gamma correction比较重要----一直都感觉不太有所谓,但是的确比较重要,看图:
  • gamma correction可以在较暗的区域分布更多的bit,最后做出来的效果也更自然。
  • 所以lightmap encoding要考虑gamma correction和hdr encoding两个方面


唔,还是一堆细节知识了。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As an AI language model, I do not have access to specific data or metrics related to ChatGPT's success. However, I can provide some possible reasons why ChatGPT may be considered successful: 1. Accuracy: ChatGPT may have a high level of accuracy in understanding and responding to user queries. This accuracy may be due to its advanced natural language processing (NLP) capabilities, which enable it to understand the nuances of human language. 2. Personalization: ChatGPT may be successful because it can personalize its responses to individual users. This personalization may be based on the user's previous interactions with the chatbot or their profile information. 3. Availability: ChatGPT may be available 24/7, making it easy for users to access and get the information they need any time of the day or night. This availability may be particularly useful for users in different time zones or those who have urgent queries. 4. Ease of use: ChatGPT may be easy to use, with a simple and intuitive interface that makes it easy for users to interact with the chatbot. This ease of use may be particularly important for users who are not familiar with chatbots or AI technology. 5. Integration: ChatGPT may be successful because it can integrate with other systems or platforms, such as social media or messaging apps, making it easy for users to access the chatbot from different channels. Overall, ChatGPT's success may be due to a combination of these factors, as well as others that may not be mentioned here.
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