Keynotes to ROS Wiki II-Installation

1 ROS Installation Options

ROS Melotic released May 2018 for Ubuntu 18.04
ROS Neotic released May 2020 for Ubuntu 20.04

1.1 Configure your Ubuntu repositories

1.2 Setup your sources.list

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list'

1.3 Set up your keys

sudo apt install curl # if you haven't already installed curl
curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc | sudo apt-key add -

1.4 Installation

sudo apt update

sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-full

1.5 Enviroment setup

echo "source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

1.6 Dependencies for building packages

sudo apt install python-rosdep python-rosinstall python-rosinstall-generator python-wstool build-essential
sudo apt install python-rosdep

sudo rosdep init
rosdep update

1.7 Test your installation

open a new terminal, and run the master:

roscore

see also @ 《基于ROS的机器人系统（Python实现）–1 ROS系统与安装》
and also @ 《Ubuntu install of ROS Melodic》