基于Fluent下的室内通风环境中不同颗粒物的扩散特性

摘 要

随着城市人口的增多，来往车辆和人类活动也随之骤增，造成了颗粒物的大量排放，严重威胁着小区内居民的身心健康。颗粒物在室内通风环境内的扩散受到多种因素的影响，因此，研究室内通风环境中颗粒物的输运机理和扩散特性具有重要意义。

悬浮颗粒物是室内空气的主要污染源，可进入人体呼吸系统，导致诸多疾病症状和各种不利影响，对人类健康造成很大威胁。目前诸多针对可吸入颗粒物的研究主要集中于不同颗粒物的扩散率和物理化学特性、室内外浓度关系以及不同通风系统的差异等方面，很少有针对特定流场条件下不同粒径悬浮颗粒物从室外环境向室内扩散过程的研究。颗粒物由室外向室内的输运扩散过程对室内空气质量有决定作用，本文率先通过实验和数值模拟两种方法对该过程展开研究，分析了室内可吸入粉尘气固两相流动的特性。

颗粒物的扩散特性研究应用广泛，比如小区、城市水体等相关场景，都会运用到颗粒物的扩散特性分析。更高效率和更高精度的颗粒物的扩散特性分析控制一直是研究的热点。随着运动学技术和气体流动学技术的不断革新，目前的技术水平为实现颗粒物的扩散特性分析控制打下坚实的基础，提供扎实的理论依据。本次设计使用基于Fluent下的室内通风环境中不同颗粒物的扩散特性，通过分析通风管道中颗粒物的沉积特性的作用，然后建立模型、网格划分和边界条件等设置和操作应用，最后用fluent对不同通风环境对颗粒物扩散特性的影响进行分析。

关键词：室内通风，颗粒物，扩散特性，模型

Abstract

With the increase of urban population, vehicle traffic and human activities also increase rapidly, resulting in a large number of particulate emissions, which seriously threaten the physical and mental health of residents in the community. The diffusion of particulate matter in indoor ventilation environment is affected by many factors, so it is of great significance to study the transport mechanism and diffusion characteristics of particulate matter in indoor ventilation environment.

Suspended particulate matter is the main pollution source of indoor air, which can enter the respiratory system of human body, causing many disease symptoms and various adverse effects, and posing a great threat to human health. At present, many studies on inhalable particles mainly focus on diffusivity and physicochemical characteristics of different particles, indoor and outdoor concentration relationship, and differences of different ventilation systems, etc., but few studies on the diffusion process of suspended particles with different particle sizes from outdoor environment to indoor environment under specific flow field conditions. The transport and diffusion process of particulate matter from outdoor to indoor plays a decisive role in indoor air quality. In this paper, experimental and numerical simulation methods were firstly used to study the process, and the gas-solid two-phase flow characteristics of indoor inhalable dust were analyzed.

The study on the diffusion characteristics of particulate matter has been widely applied, such as the analysis of the diffusion characteristics of particulate matter in residential areas, urban water bodies and other related scenes. The analysis and control of particle diffusion characteristics with higher efficiency and accuracy has always been a research hotspot. With the continuous innovation of kinematic technology and gas flow technology, the current technical level has laid a solid foundation and provided a solid theoretical basis for the analysis and control of particle diffusion characteristics. This design using Fluent software under different dispersion characteristics of particulate matter in indoor and ventilated environment, through the analysis of characteristics of particle deposition in ventilating duct, and then build a model, meshing and setting up the boundary conditions of application and operation, and finally use Fluent software for different ventilation environment to analyze the influence of particle diffusion characteristics.

Key words: Indoor ventilation, particulate matter, diffusion characteristics, concentration

目录

摘    要....................................................................................................................... 1

第一章 绪论............................................................................................................ 5

1.1  概述............................................................................................................. 5

1.2  课题研究的现状........................................................................................ 6

1.3  课题研究的意义........................................................................................ 7

1.4  课题的研究内容及章节安排.................................................................. 9

第二章 室内通风及颗粒物理论简介............................................................. 11

2.1  室内通风.................................................................................................. 11

2.2  室内污染颗粒物的定义和分类........................................................... 12

2.2.1按微粒的形成方式分类................................................................... 13

2.2.2按微粒的来源分类............................................................................ 13

2.2.3按微粒的大小分类............................................................................ 13

2.2.4按微粒的通俗分类............................................................................ 13

2.3  颗粒物大小的量度................................................................................. 14

2.4  颗粒物的统计分布................................................................................. 15

2.5  可吸入颗粒物对人体健康的影响....................................................... 15

第三章 计算流体力学数值模拟理论基础..................................................... 17

3.1  流体力学的基本方程............................................................................. 17

3.2  气固两相流模型..................................................................................... 18

3.2.1气固两相流模型的基本理论.......................................................... 18

3.2.2离散相模型的理论............................................................................ 18

3.2.3颗粒物在流场中的受力分析.......................................................... 19

3.3  颗粒物的运动方程................................................................................. 20

第四章.................................................................................................................... 

第五章  ................................................................................................................

第六章  .................................................................................................................

参考文献................................................................................................................ 

致    谢................................................................................................................ 

完整论文点击如下链接下载：

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