利用最大信号法来捕获目标（一）

基本原理

1、通过改变不同的权值，从而实现形成的波束对空间的扫描。如果波束对准目标，那么此时波束所接受到的能量最大，从而实现大致估计目标角度的目的。
2、WH（theta0）*V（theta），此时theta0在变

源代码

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%             波束扫描 用于目标捕获
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% 基本原理：通过改变不同的权值，从而实现形成的波束对空间的扫描
% 如果波束对准目标，那么此时波束所接受到的能量最大，从而实现大致估计目标角度的目的
% WH（theta0）*V（theta），此时theta0在变
close all;
clear all;
clc;

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%               参数设置
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
c=3e8;
f=300e6;      % 信号频率
fs=20*f;      % 采样频率
lamda=c/f;    % 波长
d=lamda/2;    % 阵元间距
N=8;          % 阵元个数
n=[0:N-1]';
bujing=0.1;
theta0=-90:bujing:90;   % 每次扫描间隔0.1度
count=1000;             % 采样点数
t=0:1/fs:(count-1)*1/fs;% 信号的持续时间
thetas=30;   % 目标入射角度
SNR=10;      % 信噪比 dB

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%      目标入射角度对应的方向矢量
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
tn=n*d*sind(thetas)/c;       % n个阵元接收信号相对于位于原点的阵元接收信号的延时
V_theta=exp(1i*2*pi*f*tn);   % 方向矢量


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%    空间窄带远场平面波到达原点的解析信号
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
mt=1;        % 信号的复包络
s=sqrt(10^(SNR/10))*mt*exp(1i*2*pi*f*t); % 空间窄带远场平面波到达原点的解析信号
noise=sqrt(1/2)*randn(N,length(t))+1i*sqrt(1/2)*randn(N,length(t));% 噪声服从高斯分布 噪声功率为1 
st=V_theta*s;                % m个阵元接收的信号
st_noise=st+noise;           % 信号叠加均值为0，方差为SNR/2的噪声  



%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%               开始目标搜索过程
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
for p=1:length(theta0) 
    W = exp(1j*2*pi*f*n*d*sind(theta0(p))/c); % 波束对应的权值
    y=W'*st_noise;      % 天线接收到信号后通过移相器（加权） 
    E(p)=y*y';          % 得到波束接收到的信号的能量
end

%----根据图形来找目标角度
figure(1)
plot(theta0,10*log10(E/max(E)));
grid on;
xlabel('波束扫描角度范围');
ylabel('波束接收到目标信号能量的相对大小');

a=max(E);
index=find(E==a);
theta0=(index-1-(length(theta0)-1)/2)*bujing

仿真结果