物联网开发笔记（70）- 使用Micropython开发ESP32开发板之控制OLED ssd1306屏幕（续）

一、目的

        这一节我们来继续学习如何使用我们的ESP32开发板来控制OLED ssd1306屏幕显示汉字中文，此处使用的是I2C协议，大家可自行百度学习一下I2C。主要接上一篇文章的复习和学习。上一个文章如下：

物联网开发笔记（48）- 使用Micropython开发ESP32开发板之控制OLED ssd1306屏幕_micropython ssd1306_魔都飘雪的博客-CSDN博客使用Micropython开发ESP32开发板之控制OLED ssd1306屏幕https://blog.csdn.net/zhusongziye/article/details/127892333?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502

二、环境

        ESP32开发板(固件esp32-20220618-v1.19.1.bin，前面文章使用的ESP32开发板固件都是这个) + OLED ssd1306屏幕 + Thonny IDE（或者WOKWI在线仿真） + 几根杜邦线 + Win10

接线方法：

 三、屏幕驱动

ssd1306屏幕驱动如下：

# ssd1306.py
#MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfaces created by Adafruit
 
import time
import framebuf
 
# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST        = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON       = const(0xa4)
SET_NORM_INV        = const(0xa6)
SET_DISP            = const(0xae)
SET_MEM_ADDR        = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR        = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR       = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP       = const(0xa0)
SET_MUX_RATIO       = const(0xa8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR     = const(0xc0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET     = const(0xd3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG     = const(0xda)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV    = const(0xd5)
SET_PRECHARGE       = const(0xd9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL      = const(0xdb)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP     = const(0x8d)
 
 
class SSD1306:
    def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
        self.width = width
        self.height = height
        self.external_vcc = external_vcc
        self.pages = self.height // 8
        # Note the subclass must initialize self.framebuf to a framebuffer.
        # This is necessary because the underlying data buffer is different
        # between I2C and SPI implementations (I2C needs an extra byte).
        self.poweron()
        self.init_display()
 
    def init_display(self):
        for cmd in (
            SET_DISP | 0x00, # off
            # address setting
            SET_MEM_ADDR, 0x00, # horizontal
            # resolution and layout
            SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
            SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01, # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
            SET_MUX_RATIO, self.height - 1,
            SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08, # scan from COM[N] to COM0
            SET_DISP_OFFSET, 0x00,
            SET_COM_PIN_CFG, 0x02 if self.height == 32 else 0x12,
            # timing and driving scheme
            SET_DISP_CLK_DIV, 0x80,
            SET_PRECHARGE, 0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xf1,
            SET_VCOM_DESEL, 0x30, # 0.83*Vcc
            # display
            SET_CONTRAST, 0xff, # maximum
            SET_ENTIRE_ON, # output follows RAM contents
            SET_NORM_INV, # not inverted
            # charge pump
            SET_CHARGE_PUMP, 0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
            SET_DISP | 0x01): # on
            self.write_cmd(cmd)
        self.fill(0)
        self.show()
 
    def poweroff(self):
        self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)
 
    def contrast(self, contrast):
        self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
        self.write_cmd(contrast)
 
    def invert(self, invert):
        self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))
 
    def show(self):
        x0 = 0
        x1 = self.width - 1
        if self.width == 64:
            # displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
            x0 += 32
            x1 += 32
        self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(x0)
        self.write_cmd(x1)
        self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
        self.write_cmd(0)
        self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
        self.write_framebuf()
 
    def fill(self, col):
        self.framebuf.fill(col)
 
    def pixel(self, x, y, col):
        self.framebuf.pixel(x, y, col)
 
    def scroll(self, dx, dy):
        self.framebuf.scroll(dx, dy)
 
    def text(self, string, x, y, col=1):
        self.framebuf.text(string, x, y, col)
 
 
class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3c, external_vcc=False):
        self.i2c = i2c
        self.addr = addr
        self.temp = bytearray(2)
        # Add an extra byte to the data buffer to hold an I2C data/command byte
        # to use hardware-compatible I2C transactions.  A memoryview of the
        # buffer is used to mask this byte from the framebuffer operations
        # (without a major memory hit as memoryview doesn't copy to a separate
        # buffer).
        self.buffer = bytearray(((height // 8) * width) + 1)
        self.buffer[0] = 0x40  # Set first byte of data buffer to Co=0, D/C=1
        self.framebuf = framebuf.FrameBuffer1(memoryview(self.buffer)[1:], width, height)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
 
    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.temp[0] = 0x80 # Co=1, D/C#=0
        self.temp[1] = cmd
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)
 
    def write_framebuf(self):
        # Blast out the frame buffer using a single I2C transaction to support
        # hardware I2C interfaces.
        self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.buffer)
 
    def poweron(self):
        pass
 
 
class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
    def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
        self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
        dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
        res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
        cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
        self.spi = spi
        self.dc = dc
        self.res = res
        self.cs = cs
        self.buffer = bytearray((height // 8) * width)
        self.framebuf = framebuf.FrameBuffer1(self.buffer, width, height)
        super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
 
    def write_cmd(self, cmd):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs.high()
        self.dc.low()
        self.cs.low()
        self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
        self.cs.high()
 
    def write_framebuf(self):
        self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
        self.cs.high()
        self.dc.high()
        self.cs.low()
        self.spi.write(self.buffer)
        self.cs.high()
 
    def poweron(self):
        self.res.high()
        time.sleep_ms(1)
        self.res.low()
        time.sleep_ms(10)
        self.res.high()

四、中文字模制作

        我们还是使用PCtoLCd2002.exe进行制作，大家可以在下文中下载，也可以问卖ssd1306 oled屏幕的商家索取。物联网开发笔记（48）- 使用Micropython开发ESP32开发板之控制OLED ssd1306屏幕_micropython ssd1306_魔都飘雪的博客-CSDN博客

        我们先设置电脑的区域，如果你的系统为英文系统，或者打开PCtoLCd2002有乱码的情况下。

 然后我们打开

 

按照上面的步骤我们就得到了“北京欢迎你”，5个字的 字模。

 北(0) 京(1) 欢(2) 迎(3) 你(4)

0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x60,0x20,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x78,0x00,#北;0

0x04,0x04,0x04,0xE4,0x24,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xE4,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,
0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1B,0x02,0x42,0x82,0x7E,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x0B,0x10,0x60,0x00,0x00,#京;1

0x04,0x24,0x44,0x84,0x64,0x9C,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,0x00,
0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x4C,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,#欢;2

0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x4F,0x44,0x42,0x40,0x7F,0x42,0x44,0x43,0x40,0x00,#迎;3

0x00,0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x0F,0x08,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x00,#你;4

五、示例代码

from machine import Pin,I2C
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C
import time

addr=0x3c #60
i2c=I2C(0,scl=Pin(22),sda=Pin(21),freq=400000)
oled=SSD1306_I2C(128,64,i2c,addr)
# print(i2c.scan())  #60

class chinese:
    chinese=[
        0x00,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,0x00,
        0x20,0x60,0x20,0x10,0x10,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x78,0x00,#北,0

        0x04,0x04,0x04,0xE4,0x24,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x24,0x24,0x24,0xE4,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,
        0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1B,0x02,0x42,0x82,0x7E,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x0B,0x10,0x60,0x00,0x00,#京,1

        0x04,0x24,0x44,0x84,0x64,0x9C,0x40,0x30,0x0F,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,0x00,
        0x10,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x82,0x4C,0x20,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,#欢,2

        0x40,0x40,0x42,0xCC,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x02,0x00,0xFC,0x04,0x04,0xFC,0x00,0x00,
        0x00,0x40,0x20,0x1F,0x20,0x40,0x4F,0x44,0x42,0x40,0x7F,0x42,0x44,0x43,0x40,0x00,#迎,3

        0x00,0x80,0x60,0xF8,0x07,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x0F,0x08,0xC8,0x08,0x08,0x28,0x18,0x00,
        0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x03,0x40,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x18,0x00,#你,4
        ]



def ByteOpera(num,dat):
    byte=[0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80]
    if dat&byte[num]:
        return 1
    else:
        return 0
    
def LedShowCH_16x16(n,x_axis,y_axis):
    for i in range(2):
        for a in range(16):
            for b in range(8):
                if(ByteOpera(b,chinese.chinese[n*32+i*16+a])):
                    oled.pixel(x_axis+a,y_axis+i*8+b,1)
                else:
                    oled.pixel(x_axis+a,y_axis+i*8+b,0)
                    
def main():
    oled.fill(0)
    for i in range(0,5,1):
        LedShowCH_16x16(i, i*16,16)
          #oled.text("Hi",24,28)
    oled.show()
 

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

 六、显示效果

七、oled某宝链接

大家可以自己在网上搜索购买，也可以使用我下文文末推荐的链接购买。屏幕有不同的显示颜色，但是控制方法都是一样的，只是颜色不一样。
物联网开发笔记（48）- 使用Micropython开发ESP32开发板之控制OLED ssd1306屏幕_micropython ssd1306_魔都飘雪的博客-CSDN博客