操作符Operators

赋值

Assignment (=)

式子从右到左执行。 right-to-left rule).

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class A;
class B;
class C;


class A{
public:
A(int v){value = v;};
int value;
A& operator=(B& b);
A& operator=(C& c);
A& operator+(B& v);
A& operator+(C& v);


A& operator=(A& v){this->value = v.value; return *this;};
A& operator=(int v){this->value = v; return *this;};
A& operator+(A& v){this->value += v.value; return *this;};
A& operator+(int v){value+=v;return *this;};

};


class B{
public:
B(int v){value = v;};
int value;
B& operator=(A& b);
B& operator=(C& c);
B& operator+(A& b);
B& operator+(C& c);


B& operator=(B& v){this->value = v.value; return *this;};
B& operator=(int v){this->value = v; return *this;};
B& operator+(B& v){this->value += v.value; return *this;};
B& operator+(int v){value+=v;return *this;};
};


class C{
public:
C(int v){value = v;};
int value;
C& operator=(A& b);
C& operator=(B& c);
C& operator+(A& b);
C& operator+(B& c);


C& operator=(C& v){this->value = v.value; return *this;};
C& operator=(int v){this->value = v; return *this;};
C& operator+(C& v){this->value += v.value; return *this;};
C& operator+(int v){value+=v;return *this;};
};


A& A::operator=(B& b)
{
this->value = b.value;
return *this;
}
A& A::operator=(C& c)
{
this->value = c.value;
return *this;
}


A& A::operator+(B& b)
{
this->value += b.value;
return *this;
}
A& A::operator+(C& c)
{
this->value += c.value;
return *this;
}


B& B::operator=(A& v)
{
this->value = v.value;
return *this;
}
B& B::operator=(C& v)
{
this->value = v.value;
return *this;
}
B& B::operator+(A& v)
{
this->value += v.value;
return *this;
}
B& B::operator+(C& v)
{
this->value += v.value;
return *this;
}


C& C::operator=(A& v)
{
this->value = v.value;
return *this;
}
C& C::operator=(B& v)
{
this->value = v.value;
return *this;
}
C& C::operator+(A& v)
{
this->value += v.value;
return *this;
}
C& C::operator+(B& v)
{
this->value += v.value;
return *this;
}


int main()
{
A a(-1); B b(-2); C c(-3);
a = (b=c) + ((b=20) + (c=10));
std::cout << a.value << "\n";

{

                //这种情形，如果b 是原生类型，那么，编译器会把b=c, b=20合并在一步b=20。b=c没有效果的。

int a = -1, b = -2, c = -3;
a = (b=c) + ((b=20) + (c=10));
std::cout << a << "\n";
}


return 0;

};

算术运算符

Arithmetic operators

+	addition
-	subtraction
*	multiplication
/	division
%	modulo

复合运算符

Compound assignment (+=, -=, *=, /=, %=, >>=, <<=, &=, ^=, |=)

自增减

Increase and decrease (++, --)

相对相等性

Relational and equality operators ( ==, !=, >, <, >=, <= )

==	Equal to
!=	Not equal to
>	Greater than
<	Less than
>=	Greater than or equal to
<=	Less than or equal to

逻辑操作符

注意：算数运算符是有到左，但是逻辑操作是左到右，发现条件成立即刻停止。

Logical operators ( !, &&, || )

&& OPERATOR

a	b	a && b
true	true	true
true	false	false
false	true	false
false	false	false

|| OPERATOR

a	b	a || b
true	true	true
true	false	true
false	true	true
false	false	false

!true        // evaluates to false
!false       // evaluates to true. 

条件三位操作符

Conditional operator ( ? )

a ? b : c;

逗号操作符

Comma operator ( , )

a = (b=3, b+2);

位操作符

Bitwise Operators ( &, |, ^, ~, <<, >> )

operator	asm equivalent	description
&	AND	Bitwise AND
|	OR	Bitwise Inclusive OR
^	XOR	Bitwise Exclusive OR
~	NOT	Unary complement (bit inversion)
<<	SHL	Shift Left
>>	SHR	Shift Right

显示类型转换

int i;
float f = 3.14;
i = (int) f;

i = int(f);

长度

sizeof()

其他操作符

Other operators

运算子优先级

Precedence of operators

Level	Operator	Description	Grouping
1	::	scope	Left-to-right
2	() [] . -> ++ -- dynamic_cast static_cast reinterpret_cast const_cast typeid	postfix	Left-to-right
3	++ -- ~ ! sizeof new delete	unary (prefix)	Right-to-left
	* &	indirection and reference (pointers)
	+ -	unary sign operator
4	(type)	type casting	Right-to-left
5	.* ->*	pointer-to-member	Left-to-right
6	* / %	multiplicative	Left-to-right
7	+ -	additive	Left-to-right
8	<< >>	shift	Left-to-right
9	< > <= >=	relational	Left-to-right
10	== !=	equality	Left-to-right
11	&	bitwise AND	Left-to-right
12	^	bitwise XOR	Left-to-right
13	|	bitwise OR	Left-to-right
14	&&	logical AND	Left-to-right
15	||	logical OR	Left-to-right
16	?:	conditional	Right-to-left
17	= *= /= %= += -= >>= <<= &= ^= |=	assignment	Right-to-left
18	,	comma	Left-to-right

流操作符

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