Docker和Nvidia-docker的安装、测试，及运行GUI应用

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 10:58:08 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/EternallyAccompany/article/details/109631473

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本文详细介绍了Docker的安装步骤及配置方法，包括卸载旧版本、设置官方仓库、安装Docker引擎等，并提供了测试Docker运行状态的方法。此外，还讲解了如何安装Nvidia-docker及其测试流程。

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Dokcer安装

Docker ，发现了新世界，一台电脑+docker >>> 无数台各种配置的电脑 >c<

快速搭建所需开发环境

Docker文档：https://docs.docker.com/，Docker安装指南： Install Docker Engine on Ubuntu

Dokcer安装

Uninstall old versions

~$ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

Install using the repository

Set up the repository
~$ sudo apt-get update
~$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

Add Docker’s official GPG key:
~$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

Verify that you now have the key with the fingerprint 9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88, by searching for the last 8 characters of the fingerprint.
~$ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

pub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
      9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
uid           [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>
sub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]

Use the following command to set up the stable repository.
~$ sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"

Install Docker Engine
~$ sudo apt-get update
~$ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

Verify that Docker Engine is installed correctly by running the hello-world image.
~$ sudo docker run hello-world

Docker测试

# 启动docker服务
sudo service docker start

# Docker: hello-world
sudo docker run hello-world

其他Docker命令：

Usage: service docker {start|stop|restart|status}

查看镜像
sudo docker images

查看容器
sudo docker container ls -a

Tips：Docker中一般Crtl+C退出，传送门：停止、删除所有的 docker 容器和镜像。

Nvidia-docker安装

查看nvidia版本

$ nvidia-smi
Thu Nov 26 10:34:37 2020       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 450.80.02    Driver Version: 450.80.02    CUDA Version: 11.0     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce RTX 2060    Off  | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
|  0%   37C    P8     9W / 190W |    301MiB /  5931MiB |      2%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A       942      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                 35MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      2278      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                 96MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      2404      G   /usr/bin/gnome-shell              150MiB |
|    0   N/A  N/A      4051      G   /usr/lib/firefox/firefox            3MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

参考链接：官网installation guide

Github：NVIDIA/nvidia-docker

#
distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID) \
   && curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/gpgkey | sudo apt-key add - \
   && curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/$distribution/nvidia-docker.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-docker.list

#
curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-container-runtime/experimental/$distribution/nvidia-container-runtime.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-runtime.list

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-docker2

sudo systemctl restart docker

# 测试
sudo docker run --rm --gpus all nvidia/cuda:11.0-base nvidia-smi

Unable to find image 'nvidia/cuda:11.0-base' locally
11.0-base: Pulling from nvidia/cuda
54ee1f796a1e: Pull complete 
f7bfea53ad12: Pull complete 
46d371e02073: Pull complete 
b66c17bbf772: Pull complete 
3642f1a6dfb3: Pull complete 
e5ce55b8b4b9: Pull complete 
155bc0332b0a: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:774ca3d612de15213102c2dbbba55df44dc5cf9870ca2be6c6e9c627fa63d67a
Status: Downloaded newer image for nvidia/cuda:11.0-base
Thu Nov 26 02:30:34 2020       
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 450.80.02    Driver Version: 450.80.02    CUDA Version: 11.0     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce RTX 2060    Off  | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
|  0%   37C    P8    10W / 190W |    307MiB /  5931MiB |     13%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
                                                                               
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

测试

sudo docker run --runtime=nvidia --rm nvidia/cuda:11.0-base nvidia-smi

Docker 容器 GUI

sudo apt-get install x11-xserver-utils

xhost+

docker run -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY -e GDK_SCALE -e GDK_DPI_SCAL -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix --rm -it container-name-or-id
若遇到X Error时，添加参数：--ipc=host 或 --env="QT_X11_NO_MITSHM=1"，参考链接：

How to fix X Error: BadAccess, BadDrawable, BadShmSeg while running graphical application using Docker?

Docker: gazebo: cannot connect to X server

若遇到 libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found libGL error... ，参考链接：

使用docker时出现libGL error: No matching fbConfigs or visuals found libGL error: failed to load driver...

已成功测试上述链接中的 pull image 方式

使用nvidia-smi查看nvidia driver和cuda版本，根据 nvidia/cudagl ，选择合适的TAG
nvidia-smi

sudo docker pull nvidia/cudagl:11.0-base

# 测试
xhost+

sudo nvidia-docker run --rm -it -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY -e GDK_SCALE -e GDK_DPI_SCAL -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix nvidia/cudagl:11.0-base
# or
sudo docker run --rm --runtime=nvidia -it -e DISPLAY=$DISPLAY -e GDK_SCALE -e GDK_DPI_SCAL -v /tmp/.X11-unix:/tmp/.X11-unix nvidia/cudagl:11.0-base

apt-get update
apt-get install mesa-utils
glxgears