下面我们证明特征值
λ
\lambda
λ对应的所有特征向量所组成的集合为一个子空间
方法1:
摘自 Linear Algebra and its applications David C. Lay
方法2:
摘自 The Linear Algebra a Beginning Graduate Student Ought to Know (Second Edition) Jonathan S. Golan
Chapter12, Page 231
我们下面证明:不同特征值所对应的特征子空间的交集为
{
0
}
\{0\}
{0},即是正交的: