​第P7周：咖啡豆识别（VGG-16复现）

•   🍨 本文为🔗365天深度学习训练营 中的学习记录博客
• 🍖 原作者：K同学啊 | 接辅导、项目定制

  import torch
  import torch.nn as nn
  import torchvision.transforms as transforms
  import torchvision
  from torchvision import transforms, datasets
  import os,PIL,pathlib,warnings
  
  warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")             #忽略警告信息
  
  device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
  import os,PIL,random,pathlib
  
  data_dir='./7-data/'
  data_dir=pathlib.Path(data_dir)
  data_paths=list(data_dir.glob('*'))
  classNames=[str(path).split("\\")[1]for path in data_paths]
  train_transforms=transforms.Compose([transforms.Resize([224,224]),transforms.ToTensor(),transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485,0.456,0.406],std=[0.229,0.224,0.225])])
  test_transforms=transforms.Compose([transforms.Resize([224,224]),transforms.ToTensor(),transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485,0.456,0.406],std=[0.229,0.224,0.225])])
  total_data = datasets.ImageFolder("./7-data/",transform=train_transforms)
  train_size=int(0.8 * len(total_data))
  test_size=len(total_data)-train_size
  train_dataset,test_dataset=torch.utils.data.random_split(total_data,[train_size,test_size])
  batch_size=32
  train_dl=torch.utils.data.DataLoader(train_dataset,batch_size=batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=1)
  test_dl=torch.utils.data.DataLoader(test_dataset,batch_size=batch_size,shuffle=True,num_workers=1)
  for X,y in test_dl:
      print("Shape of X[N,C,H,W]:",X.shape)
      print("shape of y:",y.shape,y.dtype)
      break
  import torch.nn.functional as F
  
  class vgg16(nn.Module):
      def __init__(self):
          super(vgg16, self).__init__()
          # 卷积块1
          self.block1 = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
          )
          # 卷积块2
          self.block2 = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
          )
          # 卷积块3
          self.block3 = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
          )
          # 卷积块4
          self.block4 = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
          )
          # 卷积块5
          self.block5 = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1)),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=(2, 2), stride=(2, 2))
          )
          
          # 全连接网络层，用于分类
          self.classifier = nn.Sequential(
              nn.Linear(in_features=512*7*7, out_features=4096),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Linear(in_features=4096, out_features=4096),
              nn.ReLU(),
              nn.Linear(in_features=4096, out_features=4)
          )
  
      def forward(self, x):
  
          x = self.block1(x)
          x = self.block2(x)
          x = self.block3(x)
          x = self.block4(x)
          x = self.block5(x)
          x = torch.flatten(x, start_dim=1)
          x = self.classifier(x)
  
          return x
  
  device = "cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu"
  print("Using {} device".format(device))
      
  model = vgg16().to(device)
  
  def train(dataloader, model, loss_fn, optimizer):
      size = len(dataloader.dataset)  # 训练集的大小
      num_batches = len(dataloader)   # 批次数目, (size/batch_size，向上取整)
  
      train_loss, train_acc = 0, 0  # 初始化训练损失和正确率
      
      for X, y in dataloader:  # 获取图片及其标签
          X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)
          
          # 计算预测误差
          pred = model(X)          # 网络输出
          loss = loss_fn(pred, y)  # 计算网络输出和真实值之间的差距，targets为真实值，计算二者差值即为损失
          
          # 反向传播
          optimizer.zero_grad()  # grad属性归零
          loss.backward()        # 反向传播
          optimizer.step()       # 每一步自动更新
          
          # 记录acc与loss
          train_acc  += (pred.argmax(1) == y).type(torch.float).sum().item()
          train_loss += loss.item()
              
      train_acc  /= size
      train_loss /= num_batches
  
      return train_acc, train_loss
  
  def test (dataloader, model, loss_fn):
      size        = len(dataloader.dataset)  # 测试集的大小
      num_batches = len(dataloader)          # 批次数目, (size/batch_size，向上取整)
      test_loss, test_acc = 0, 0
      
      # 当不进行训练时，停止梯度更新，节省计算内存消耗
      with torch.no_grad():
          for imgs, target in dataloader:
              imgs, target = imgs.to(device), target.to(device)
              
              # 计算loss
              target_pred = model(imgs)
              loss        = loss_fn(target_pred, target)
              
              test_loss += loss.item()
              test_acc  += (target_pred.argmax(1) == target).type(torch.float).sum().item()
  
      test_acc  /= size
      test_loss /= num_batches
  
      return test_acc, test_loss
  import copy
  
  optimizer  = torch.optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr= 1e-4)
  loss_fn    = nn.CrossEntropyLoss() # 创建损失函数
  
  epochs     = 40
  
  train_loss = []
  train_acc  = []
  test_loss  = []
  test_acc   = []
  
  best_acc = 0    # 设置一个最佳准确率，作为最佳模型的判别指标
  
  for epoch in range(epochs):
      
      model.train()
      epoch_train_acc, epoch_train_loss = train(train_dl, model, loss_fn, optimizer)
      
      model.eval()
      epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, model, loss_fn)
      
      # 保存最佳模型到 best_model
      if epoch_test_acc > best_acc:
          best_acc   = epoch_test_acc
          best_model = copy.deepcopy(model)
      
      train_acc.append(epoch_train_acc)
      train_loss.append(epoch_train_loss)
      test_acc.append(epoch_test_acc)
      test_loss.append(epoch_test_loss)
      
      # 获取当前的学习率
      lr = optimizer.state_dict()['param_groups'][0]['lr']
      
      template = ('Epoch:{:2d}, Train_acc:{:.1f}%, Train_loss:{:.3f}, Test_acc:{:.1f}%, Test_loss:{:.3f}, Lr:{:.2E}')
      print(template.format(epoch+1, epoch_train_acc*100, epoch_train_loss, 
                            epoch_test_acc*100, epoch_test_loss, lr))
      
  # 保存最佳模型到文件中
  PATH = './best_model.pth'  # 保存的参数文件名
  torch.save(model.state_dict(), PATH)
  
  print('Done')
  
  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
  #隐藏警告
  import warnings
  warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")               #忽略警告信息
  plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']    = ['SimHei'] # 用来正常显示中文标签
  plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False      # 用来正常显示负号
  plt.rcParams['figure.dpi']         = 100        #分辨率
  
  epochs_range = range(epochs)
  
  plt.figure(figsize=(12, 3))
  plt.subplot(1, 2, 1)
  
  plt.plot(epochs_range, train_acc, label='Training Accuracy')
  plt.plot(epochs_range, test_acc, label='Test Accuracy')
  plt.legend(loc='lower right')
  plt.title('Training and Validation Accuracy')
  
  plt.subplot(1, 2, 2)
  plt.plot(epochs_range, train_loss, label='Training Loss')
  plt.plot(epochs_range, test_loss, label='Test Loss')
  plt.legend(loc='upper right')
  plt.title('Training and Validation Loss')
  plt.show()
  
  from PIL import Image 
  
  classes = list(total_data.class_to_idx)
  
  def predict_one_image(image_path, model, transform, classes):
      
      test_img = Image.open(image_path).convert('RGB')
      plt.imshow(test_img)  # 展示预测的图片
  
      test_img = transform(test_img)
      img = test_img.to(device).unsqueeze(0)
      
      model.eval()
      output = model(img)
  
      _,pred = torch.max(output,1)
      pred_class = classes[pred]
      print(f'预测结果是：{pred_class}')
  
  predict_one_image(image_path='./7-data/Dark/dark (1).png', 
                    model=model, 
                    transform=train_transforms, 
                    classes=classes)
  
  best_model.eval()
  epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss = test(test_dl, best_model, loss_fn)
  
  epoch_test_acc, epoch_test_loss

  

• 总结：加油