vscode docker c++ debug

注：本文想实现vscode在docker中debug c++,找了一些教程，但都没有完整的解决方案，在github上找到了一个解决方法，建议直接看这篇文章gjthub:Building and debugging C++ applications in a Docker container using Visual Studio Code.，我也将自己的实践过程写了过来，我的能够编译运行，但是到编译debug不能进入断点，如果您阅读之后有解决方案，请评论或私信。

更改一下主题

linux配置

查看一下系统版本

/tmp # cat /etc/issue
Welcome to Alpine Linux 3.10

因为之前的系统为Alpine ，但是有以下提示，所以从新做一个linux系统

• docker search ubuntu:20.04

PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\test> docker search ubuntu:20.04
NAME                                         DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
manishfoodtechs/xfcefulldesktop_ubuntu20.4   Full Desktop In Docker : Ubuntu:20.04           5
delta42/ubuntu-with-openjdk-13               Ubuntu:20.04 with OpenJDK13 JRE installed       1
hexiaoyuan/pete-dev-base                     ubuntu:20.04: include sshd, vim, gcc, python…   0
mikxox/maven-test-action                     Image based upon ubuntu:20.04, includes java…   0
julianqz/ubuntu                              Minimal Ubuntu:20.04                            0
bubuntux/s6-ubuntu                           Multi-platform Ubuntu:20.04 image with s6-ov…   0
mooping/apache2-php7                         Base on ubuntu:20.04                            0
artemkrim/universal-base-image               ubuntu:20.04 with cli-tools                     0
best7777/ubus                                ubuntu:20.04  ssh and rdp and firefox instal…   0
sylketri/ubuntu20.04-latex                   LaTex Docker image based on ubuntu:20.04        0
subha987/sshcontainer                        this uses ubuntu:20.04 as base image. this c…   0
taiansu/ubuntu-phoenix-builder               An Ubuntu:20.04 with necessary packages for …   0
wagner85/jks-slave                           ubuntu:20.04 - Jenkins slave                    0
julianqz/cellranger-6.0.1                    Cell Ranger v6.0.1 from 10x Genomics. Built …   0
n0bility6/nginx-php                          ubuntu:20.04 with nginx, php and composer fo…   0
eiorobot/openjdk                             ubuntu:20.04&openjdk11                          0
datica/dcc-bastion2                          Basic Ubuntu:20.04 image for utility use in …   0
ixybus/ubvimgit                              Ubuntu:20.04 with Vim and Git installed         0
hanlinyang/openjdk                           AdoptOpenJDK based on hanlinyang/ubuntu:20.0…   0
alikazemkhanloo/miktex                       miktex on ubuntu:20.04, focal                   0
eirture/mongosh                              the mongosh image base on ubuntu:20.04          0
mastack/tbuilder                             this repository is made as a ready-to-use ub…   0
alby117/ubuntu_full                          Ubuntu:20.04 with software-properties-common…   0
aghaahmadi/mypython                          ubuntu:20.04 Python 3.8.10 wkhtmltopdf panda…   0
ariqbasyar/opencv                            OpenCV & NumPy python with ubuntu:20.04 base…   0

• docker pull manishfoodtechs/xfcefulldesktop_ubuntu20.4
• docker images

PS C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\test> docker images
REPOSITORY                                   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
manishfoodtechs/xfcefulldesktop_ubuntu20.4   latest    5fc36d410b62   23 months ago   4.44GB

• docker run -it --name test -v C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/test:/tmp -p 50051:50051 5fc36d410b62
• 在容器中：
• apt install build-essential 关联软件
• gcc -v
• gdb -v # 如果没有 sudo apt-get install gdb
• apt -install cmake
• cmake -version

安装插件

安装插件 Remote-containers

• 或者安装这个（新版本）

点击左下角的对向箭头

• 在打开的命令窗口中选择“attach to running container”(开启容器命令docker container start container_id)

• 在弹出的选项中选择将要使用的容器即可

• 然后点击会进入一个新的界面

• ctrl+~调用镜像的terminal
  

测试环境

• 打开远程文件夹
  
  
  

CMakeLists.txt 文件，cmake 的所有配置都在这个文件中完成，CMakeLists.txt 中的内容大致如下：(指令是不区分大小写的)

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(SafeIntAdd)        // 工程ming+支持的语言(默认所有语言)  project(SafeIntAdd C CXX)
 //为下边的语句设定变量
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "c++")
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS -g -Wall) 

message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS: " "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")
message(STATUS "CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS: " "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")
string(REPLACE ";" " " CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS}")

add_executable(exename main.cpp) //

编辑好 CMakeLists.txt 之后，我们可以新建一个 build 目录，并在 build 目录下使用 cmake 来进行构建，构建成功的话再使用 make 来进行编译和链接，最终得到 SafeAdd 这个可执行文件：

$ mkdir build/
$ cd build/
$ cmake ..

$ make  // 编译 executable
$  ./exename

点击后得到：

{
    // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 
    // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。
    // 欲了解更多信息，请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [

        {
            "name": "(gdb) 启动",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/a.out",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

编译成debug版本
-  g++ -g main.cpp 
- 后生成a.out
- 正常的话点击RUN旁边的三角形就可进入dubug了