Convolution of two square pulses: the resulting waveform is a triangular pulse. One of the functions (in this case
g) is first reflected about
and then offset by
t, making it
. The area under the resulting product gives the convolution at
t. The horizontal axis is
for
f and
g, and t for
.
Convolution of a square pulse (as input signal) with the impulse response of an RC circuit to obtain the output signal waveform. The integral of their product is the area of the yellow region. In both animations the function
g is symmetric, and so is unchanged under reflection.
在泛函分析中,卷积(捲積)、旋積或摺積,是通过两个函数f 和g 生成第三个函数的一种数学算子,表征函数f 与经过翻转和平移的g 的重叠部分的累积。如果将参加卷积的一个函数看作区间的指示函数,卷积还可以被看作是“滑动平均”的推广。