新电脑硬件DIY+ 安装Ubutun 18.04+排雷

chepwavege

已于 2022-04-03 14:54:34 修改

阅读量5.3k

点赞数 2

分类专栏：笔记文章标签： ubuntu linux 运维

于 2022-03-14 15:32:37 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chepwavege/article/details/123390479

版权

笔记专栏收录该内容

4 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

硬件篇：

1.乘着小矿难+3/8节活动，某东，抢了一张 RTX3080 12g， 7k！！！

CPU: I5 12600KF

主板华硕 B660M plus wifi DDR5.

主板信息：注意wifi,和网卡具体型号。

散件购买注意点：

机箱ATX.中塔， E-ATX 特大主板。
机箱尺寸长宽高L-W-H需要查看cpu 散热器大小。推荐安装高度。--> 机箱宽度W
显卡的长度,确定最小-->机箱长度L
电源尺寸 -->机箱大小

安装：

顺序：

机箱里面建议先安装风扇。后面不好操作。风扇安装建议参考风扇安装方向。

正面：吸入风。

后面背板：出风

上面板：出风

下面版：吸入风

电源：鑫谷GM850W,风扇向下。吸冷风。

主板可以先装CPU,散热器。先CPUfan 线束， ,中间要插一个风扇最后装到机箱，机箱上面的主板安装孔，有的地方没有螺丝柱子。自己按主板大小，酌情安装。

注意：cpu 散热器，注意风扇有一个插在中间。注意扇热方向。从前面板吸入冷气，后面板，输出热气。

安装完主板，安装显卡。-- 机箱厚度方向安装。建议买个显卡支撑架子。

最后线束连接：CPU，供电。用不到4+4pin的线束，只插 4+2 ,插满就行。、

显卡：3080有2个8pin,，都接上一个1分2的8Pin线。还有一天写上了PCIE文字连接电源

风扇：4pin的大头，所有风扇都串在一起，然后，电源里面有个母头插上，还有一个是个SATA的线束。接电源SATA口。

参考：http://www.lotpc.com/zjjc/8998.html

全部安装完，准备安装软件。先不急着上电。

软件篇：

1.下载ISO 镜像：Ubuntu系统下载（清华大学开源软件镜像站）（ubuntu-20.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso） - JavaShuo

我安装的~~是18.04~~ 版本 21.10，应该安装20.04！！！, wifi driver only suppoerted in 21.10.

reason:

dependencies - Missing libc6 Dependency for a new Kernel - Ask Ubuntu

if insist to use 20.04,

need try last one PPA solution. works on my pc.

Builder for Ubuntu Mainline kernels -->

Docker Hub

Packages in “lts-mainline” : lts-mainline : TuxInvader

can be try in future:

15.10 - How to compile and install custom mainline kernel - Ask Ubuntu

2.准备>8G U盘

3. 免费下载并安装 UltraISO软碟通官方中文版

https://cn.ultraiso.net/xiazai.html

安装时有显卡问题，黑屏问题参考b站一个视频

NVIDIA显卡的Ubuntu驱动程序安装方法_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

都安装完，进入系统。

发现WIFI，有线网卡都不能用。

排雷：解决intel AX201 无线网卡驱动问题。

参考

drivers - WiFi and Bluetooth doesn't work for Intel AX201 in Ubuntu 21.10 - Ask Ubuntu

networking - Ubuntu 20.04 Intel Network connectivity issue, bug in igc? - Ask Ubuntu

https://blog.csdn.net/dieju8330/article/details/101422743

思路，更新最新内核，下载驱动，更新frimware, reboot.

首先：更新源：ubuntu | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站 | Tsinghua Open Source Mirror

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.back
#备份
cd /etc/apt/
ls
vim sources.list
#或者
gedit sources.list

#替换里面的内容 ，参考https://www.cnblogs.com/dzlua/p/12965380.html

后更新。
sudo apt-get update

下载官方内核：linux-headers-5.16.0-051600rc7_5.16.0-051600rc7

Index of /~kernel-ppa/mainline/v5.16-rc7

Install/Upgrade Linux Kernel 5.15 on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS - LinuxCapable

下载最新硬件驱动：inux-firmware_1.201

if error happpen ,use 1.201.5 driver

Index of /ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-firmware/

sudo dpkg -i linux-firmware_1.201_all.deb

下载 intel 设备对应的驱动： iwlwifi-so-a0-hr-b0-64.ucode

copy到 /lib/firmware

直接copy intel官方的文件Linux* Support for Intel® Wireless Adapters，下面的操作不行。

   48  sudo cp iwlwifi-Qu-*-48.ucode /lib/firmware
   91  sudo cp iwlwifi-Qu-*-48.ucode /lib/firmware
  109  cp iwlwifi-ty-a0-gf-a0-59.ucode /lib/firmware
  120  sudo cp iwlwifi-Qu-*-48.ucode /lib/firmware

roboot.

查看。

luke@pc:~$ lspci -nnk | grep 0280 -A3
00:14.3 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:7af0] (rev 11)
	Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device [8086:0074]
	Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
	Kernel modules: iwlwifi

root@pc:~# dmesg | grep wifi
[    3.081843] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002)
[    3.086179] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-hr-b0-67.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.086192] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-hr-b0-66.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.086344] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-so-a0-hr-b0-65.ucode failed with error -2
[    3.087505] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: api flags index 2 larger than supported by driver
[    3.087515] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: TLV_FW_FSEQ_VERSION: FSEQ Version: 0.0.2.25
[    3.087812] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: loaded firmware version 64.97bbee0a.0 so-a0-hr-b0-64.ucode op_mode iwlmvm
[    3.165782] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Detected Intel(R) Wi-Fi 6 AX201 160MHz, REV=0x430
[    3.276250] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Detected RF HR B5, rfid=0x10a100
[    3.341537] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: base HW address: 70:a6:cc:b7:17:a9
[    3.391863] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3 wlo1: renamed from wlan0

root@pc:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp5s0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 50:eb:f6:7a:e6:b0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: wlo1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 70:a6:cc:b7:17:a9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.35/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute wlo1
       valid_lft 254188sec preferred_lft 254188sec
    inet6 240e:388:bb2f:2c00:c18a:99e9:996b:c841/64 scope global temporary dynamic 
       valid_lft 3468sec preferred_lft 3468sec
    inet6 240e:388:bb2f:2c00:b296:ffba:bc9b:f92d/64 scope global dynamic mngtmpaddr noprefixroute 
       valid_lft 3468sec preferred_lft 3468sec
    inet6 fe80::6ae6:1b65:fe76:df8d/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

root@pc:~#  sudo lshw -C network
  *-network                 
       description: Wireless interface
       product: Intel Corporation
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 14.3
       bus info: pci@0000:00:14.3
       logical name: wlo1
       version: 11
       serial: 70:a6:cc:b7:17:a9
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=5.16.0-051600rc7-generic firmware=64.97bbee0a.0 so-a0-hr-b0-64.uc ip=192.168.1.35 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
       resources: iomemory:400-3ff irq:18 memory:401421c000-401421ffff
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0
       logical name: enp5s0
       version: 05
       serial: 50:eb:f6:7a:e6:b0
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=5.16.0-051600rc7-generic firmware=rtl8125b-2_0.0.2 07/13/20 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair
       resources: irq:18 ioport:3000(size=256) memory:83b00000-83b0ffff memory:83b10000-83b13fff

root@pc:~#  lspci -nnk | grep -e 0200 -e 0280 -A3
00:14.3 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation Device [8086:7af0] (rev 11)
	Subsystem: Intel Corporation Device [8086:0074]
	Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
	Kernel modules: iwlwifi
--
05:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Device [10ec:8125] (rev 05)
	Subsystem: ASUSTeK Computer Inc. Device [1043:87d7]
	Kernel driver in use: r8169
	Kernel modules: r8169

root@pc:~# modinfo iwlwifi | grep 7AF0
alias:          pci:v00008086d00007AF0sv*sd*bc*sc*i*

root@pc:/lib/firmware# rfkill
ID TYPE      DEVICE      SOFT      HARD
 0 bluetooth hci0   unblocked unblocked
 1 wlan      phy0   unblocked unblocked

root@pc:/lib/firmware# ifconfig -a
enp5s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 50:eb:f6:7a:e6:b0  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 13795  bytes 1485885 (1.4 MB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 13795  bytes 1485885 (1.4 MB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

wlo1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.35  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 240e:388:bb2f:2c00:b296:ffba:bc9b:f92d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        inet6 fe80::6ae6:1b65:fe76:df8d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        inet6 240e:388:bb2f:2c00:c18a:99e9:996b:c841  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
        ether 70:a6:cc:b7:17:a9  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 77379  bytes 70411970 (70.4 MB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 8  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 42979  bytes 11688339 (11.6 MB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0