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简介
本课NeHe教程主要是使用了OpenGL中的显示列表。OpenGL的显示列表是加速OpenGL性能的一种重要的手段。OpenGl的几何体绘制方法主要包括立即模式、顶点数组、显示列表和VBO。在OSG中显示列表是大部分OSG程序所使用的默认绘制优化行为,因此不需要我们去像OpenGL那样进行设置。
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实现
首先创建整个场景,本课中我使用了OSG中预定义的几种基本形体,(osg::Box)来绘制立方体
osg::Node* buildScene()
{
osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;
for (int yloop=1;yloop<6;yloop++)
{
osg::Group *cubeGroup = new osg::Group;
for (int xloop=0;xloop<yloop;xloop++)
{
osg::MatrixTransform *posMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
posMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.4f+(float(xloop)*2.8f)-(float(yloop)*1.4f),((6.0f-float(yloop))*2.4f)-7.0f,-20.0f));
cubeGroup->addChild(posMT);
osg::MatrixTransform *rotXMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
rotXMT->setName("XRotMT");
posMT->addChild(rotXMT);
XRotCallback* xrot = new XRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f-(2.0f*yloop)));
rotXMT->setUpdateCallback(xrot);
osg::MatrixTransform *rotYMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
rotXMT->addChild(rotYMT);
rotYMT->setName("YRotMT");
YRotCallback* yrot = new YRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f));
rotYMT->setUpdateCallback(yrot);
osg::Geode *cube = createCube(yloop-1);
rotYMT->addChild(cube);
}
root->addChild(cubeGroup);
}
return root;
}
参照NeHe教程中平移量进行(glTranslate对应一个osg::MatrixTransform),对于每一个几何体叶节点,通过不同的颜色索引值创建它
osg::Geode* createCube(int colorIndex)
{
osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/Cube.bmp");
osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;
texture2D->setImage(textureImage);
texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
osg::ShapeDrawable *sd = new osg::ShapeDrawable(new osg::Box(osg::Vec3(0, 0, 0), 2));
sd->setColor(osg::Vec4d(boxcol[colorIndex][0], boxcol[colorIndex][1], boxcol[colorIndex][2], 1));
osg::Geode *cubeGeode = new osg::Geode;
cubeGeode->addDrawable(sd);
cubeGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);
return cubeGeode;
}
可以看到场景中对每一个MatrixTransform均设置了UpdateCallback,为的是通过键盘对它们进行操作。首先先通过名字找到所有这些节点
class FindNamedNodeVisitor : public osg::NodeVisitor
{
public:
FindNamedNodeVisitor(const std::string& name):
osg::NodeVisitor(osg::NodeVisitor::TRAVERSE_ALL_CHILDREN),
_name(name), _foundNode(NULL) {}
virtual void apply(osg::Node& node)
{
if (node.getName()==_name)
{
_foundNode.push_back(&node);
}
traverse(node);
}
std::string _name;
std::vector<osg::Node*> _foundNode;
};
在EventHandler交互类中进行设置如下:
if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Left)
{
FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");
root->accept(fnnv);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)
{
yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());
if (yrot)
{
yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));
}
}
}
编译运行程序
附:本课源码(源码中可能存在错误和不足,仅供参考)
#include "../osgNeHe.h"
#include <QtCore/QTimer>
#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>
#include <osgViewer/Viewer>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osgQt/GraphicsWindowQt>
#include <osg/MatrixTransform>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osg/Texture2D>
#include <osg/ShapeDrawable>
#include <osg/NodeVisitor>
static GLfloat boxcol[5][3]=
{
{1.0f,0.0f,0.0f},{1.0f,0.5f,0.0f},{1.0f,1.0f,0.0f},{0.0f,1.0f,0.0f},{0.0f,1.0f,1.0f}
};
//
//RotCallback
class XRotCallback : public osg::NodeCallback
{
public:
XRotCallback(double angle) : _angle(angle){}
virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
{
if (dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node))
{
osg::MatrixTransform *rot = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);
rot->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(_angle, osg::X_AXIS));
}
traverse(node, nv);
}
void setAngle(double angle)
{
_angle = angle;
}
double getAngle() const
{
return _angle;
}
double _angle;
};
class YRotCallback : public osg::NodeCallback
{
public:
YRotCallback(double angle) : _angle(angle){}
virtual void operator()(osg::Node* node, osg::NodeVisitor* nv)
{
if (dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node))
{
osg::MatrixTransform *rot = dynamic_cast<osg::MatrixTransform*>(node);
rot->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(_angle, osg::Y_AXIS));
}
traverse(node, nv);
}
void setAngle(double angle)
{
_angle = angle;
}
double getAngle() const
{
return _angle;
}
double _angle;
};
//End
//
class FindNamedNodeVisitor : public osg::NodeVisitor
{
public:
FindNamedNodeVisitor(const std::string& name):
osg::NodeVisitor(osg::NodeVisitor::TRAVERSE_ALL_CHILDREN),
_name(name), _foundNode(NULL) {}
virtual void apply(osg::Node& node)
{
if (node.getName()==_name)
{
_foundNode.push_back(&node);
}
traverse(node);
}
std::string _name;
std::vector<osg::Node*> _foundNode;
};
//
//EventHandler
class ManipulatorSceneHandler : public osgGA::GUIEventHandler
{
public:
ManipulatorSceneHandler()
{
}
virtual bool handle(const osgGA::GUIEventAdapter& ea, osgGA::GUIActionAdapter& aa)
{
osgViewer::Viewer *viewer = dynamic_cast<osgViewer::Viewer*>(&aa);
if (!viewer)
return false;
if (!viewer->getSceneData())
return false;
if (ea.getHandled())
return false;
osg::Group *root = viewer->getSceneData()->asGroup();
switch(ea.getEventType())
{
case(osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEYDOWN):
{
XRotCallback *xrot;
YRotCallback *yrot;
if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Left)
{
FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");
root->accept(fnnv);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)
{
yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());
if (yrot)
{
yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));
}
}
}
if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Right)
{
FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("YRotMT");
root->accept(fnnv);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)
{
yrot = dynamic_cast<YRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());
if (yrot)
{
yrot->setAngle(yrot->getAngle() + osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));
}
}
}
if (ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Up)
{
FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("XRotMT");
root->accept(fnnv);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)
{
xrot = dynamic_cast<XRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());
if (xrot)
{
xrot->setAngle(xrot->getAngle() - osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));
}
}
}
if (ea.getKey()== osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_Down)
{
FindNamedNodeVisitor fnnv("XRotMT");
root->accept(fnnv);
for (unsigned i = 0; i < fnnv._foundNode.size(); ++i)
{
xrot = dynamic_cast<XRotCallback*>(fnnv._foundNode.at(i)->getUpdateCallback());
if (xrot)
{
xrot->setAngle(xrot->getAngle() + osg::DegreesToRadians(2.0));
}
}
}
}
default: break;
}
return false;
}
};
//End
//
class ViewerWidget : public QWidget, public osgViewer::Viewer
{
public:
ViewerWidget(osg::Node *scene = NULL)
{
QWidget* renderWidget = getRenderWidget( createGraphicsWindow(0,0,100,100), scene);
QVBoxLayout* layout = new QVBoxLayout;
layout->addWidget(renderWidget);
layout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 1);
setLayout( layout );
connect( &_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(update()) );
_timer.start( 10 );
}
QWidget* getRenderWidget( osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* gw, osg::Node* scene )
{
osg::Camera* camera = this->getCamera();
camera->setGraphicsContext( gw );
const osg::GraphicsContext::Traits* traits = gw->getTraits();
camera->setClearColor( osg::Vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) );
camera->setViewport( new osg::Viewport(0, 0, traits->width, traits->height) );
camera->setProjectionMatrixAsPerspective(45.0f, static_cast<double>(traits->width)/static_cast<double>(traits->height), 0.1f, 100.0f );
camera->setViewMatrixAsLookAt(osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 1), osg::Vec3d(0, 0, 0), osg::Vec3d(0, 1, 0));
this->setSceneData( scene );
this->addEventHandler(new ManipulatorSceneHandler);
return gw->getGLWidget();
}
osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt* createGraphicsWindow( int x, int y, int w, int h, const std::string& name="", bool windowDecoration=false )
{
osg::DisplaySettings* ds = osg::DisplaySettings::instance().get();
osg::ref_ptr<osg::GraphicsContext::Traits> traits = new osg::GraphicsContext::Traits;
traits->windowName = name;
traits->windowDecoration = windowDecoration;
traits->x = x;
traits->y = y;
traits->width = w;
traits->height = h;
traits->doubleBuffer = true;
traits->alpha = ds->getMinimumNumAlphaBits();
traits->stencil = ds->getMinimumNumStencilBits();
traits->sampleBuffers = ds->getMultiSamples();
traits->samples = ds->getNumMultiSamples();
return new osgQt::GraphicsWindowQt(traits.get());
}
virtual void paintEvent( QPaintEvent* event )
{
frame();
}
protected:
QTimer _timer;
};
osg::Geode* createCube(int colorIndex)
{
osg::Image *textureImage = osgDB::readImageFile("Data/Cube.bmp");
osg::Texture2D *texture2D = new osg::Texture2D;
texture2D->setImage(textureImage);
texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
texture2D->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::LINEAR);
osg::ShapeDrawable *sd = new osg::ShapeDrawable(new osg::Box(osg::Vec3(0, 0, 0), 2));
sd->setColor(osg::Vec4d(boxcol[colorIndex][0], boxcol[colorIndex][1], boxcol[colorIndex][2], 1));
osg::Geode *cubeGeode = new osg::Geode;
cubeGeode->addDrawable(sd);
cubeGeode->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture2D);
return cubeGeode;
}
osg::Node* buildScene()
{
osg::Group *root = new osg::Group;
for (int yloop=1;yloop<6;yloop++)
{
osg::Group *cubeGroup = new osg::Group;
for (int xloop=0;xloop<yloop;xloop++)
{
osg::MatrixTransform *posMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
posMT->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::translate(1.4f+(float(xloop)*2.8f)-(float(yloop)*1.4f),((6.0f-float(yloop))*2.4f)-7.0f,-20.0f));
cubeGroup->addChild(posMT);
osg::MatrixTransform *rotXMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
rotXMT->setName("XRotMT");
posMT->addChild(rotXMT);
XRotCallback* xrot = new XRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f-(2.0f*yloop)));
rotXMT->setUpdateCallback(xrot);
osg::MatrixTransform *rotYMT = new osg::MatrixTransform;
rotXMT->addChild(rotYMT);
rotYMT->setName("YRotMT");
YRotCallback* yrot = new YRotCallback(osg::DegreesToRadians(45.0f));
rotYMT->setUpdateCallback(yrot);
osg::Geode *cube = createCube(yloop-1);
rotYMT->addChild(cube);
}
root->addChild(cubeGroup);
}
return root;
}
int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
ViewerWidget* viewWidget = new ViewerWidget(buildScene());
viewWidget->setGeometry( 100, 100, 640, 480 );
viewWidget->show();
return app.exec();
}