opencv拟合多边形(指定边) python c++

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已于 2022-11-08 08:16:41 修改

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分类专栏： opencv 文章标签： opencv 计算机视觉 python

于 2022-11-08 01:14:18 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jacke121/article/details/127742856

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opencv python版拟合多边形

用例：

std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point>> contours;
std::vector<cv::Vec4i> hierachy;
cv::findContours(binary, contours, hierachy, cv::RETR_TREE, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE, cv::Point(-1,-1));
std::vector<std::vector<cv::Point>> contours_ploy(contours.size());
for(int i=0; i<contours.size(); i++)
{
    approxPolyDP(contours[i], contours_ploy[i], contours[i].size() / 4, true);
}

参考：opencv 多边形拟合

一、逼近多边形
逼近多边形，是通过对轮廓外形无限逼近，删除非关键点、得到轮廓的关键点，不断逼近轮廓真实形状的方法，OpenCV中多边形逼近的函数与参数解释如下：

approxCourve= cv2.approxPolyDP(curve,epsilon,closed)
1
参数解析：
curve：轮廓点的集合。
epsilon：指定近似精度的参数，这是原始曲线和它的近似之间最大距离。
closed：如果为true，则闭合近似曲线（其第一个和最后一个顶点为连接的）；否则，不闭合。二、参考代码

 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 #author：Kong DeXing
 #案例:Fu Xianjun. All Rights Reserved.
import cv2
import numpy as np

img = cv2.imread('hand.png')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

ret,binary = cv2.threshold(gray,60,255,0)#阈值处理
contours,hierarchy = cv2.findContours(binary,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)#查找轮廓
print(len(contours))
x = 0
for i in range(len(contours)):
    area = cv2.contourArea(contours[i])
    if area>10000:
        print(area)
        x = i
cnt = contours[x]
img1 = img.copy()
approx1 = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt,3,True)#拟合精确度
img1  =cv2.polylines(img1,[approx1],True,(255,255,0),2)
cv2.imshow('approxPolyDP1',img1)

img2 = img.copy()
approx2 = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt,5,True)#拟合精确度
img2  =cv2.polylines(img2,[approx2],True,(255,255,0),2)
cv2.imshow('approxPolyDP2',img2)

img3 = img.copy()
approx3 = cv2.approxPolyDP(cnt,7,True)#拟合精确度
img3  =cv2.polylines(img3,[approx3],True,(255,255,0),2)
cv2.imshow('approxPolyDP3',img3)


cv2.imwrite("dst.png",img1)
print(len(approx1))
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

可以看到，cv.approxPolyDP 函数参数2(epsilon)越小，得到的多边形角点越多，对原图像的多边形近似效果越好。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/juluwangriyue/article/details/117957920

python版拟合多边形（指定边数）

拟合多边形示例



import cv2
import numpy as np

def myApprox(con,side_size):# con为预先得到的最大轮廓
    num = 0.001
    # 初始化时不需要太小，因为四边形所需的值并不很小
    ep = num * cv2.arcLength(con, True)
    con = cv2.approxPolyDP(con, ep, True)
    while (1):
        if len(con) <= side_size:#防止程序崩溃设置的<=4
            break
        else:
            num = num * 1.5
            ep = num * cv2.arcLength(con, True)
            con = cv2.approxPolyDP(con, ep, True)
            continue
    return con

img=np.zeros((200,200),dtype=np.uint8)
img[50:150,50:150]=255

ret,thresh=cv2.threshold(img,127,255,0)#threshold阈值
contours,hierarchy=cv2.findContours(thresh,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

color=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)


contour=np.array([[10,10],[50,10],[100,100],[80,200],[40,100],[10,50],[5,30]])


contour= myApprox(contour,side_size=3)

print(contour)

图片轮廓，多边形拟合



import cv2
import numpy as np

def myApprox(con,side_size):# con为预先得到的最大轮廓
    num = 0.001
    # 初始化时不需要太小，因为四边形所需的值并不很小
    ep = num * cv2.arcLength(con, True)
    con = cv2.approxPolyDP(con, ep, True)
    while (1):
        if len(con) <= side_size:#防止程序崩溃设置的<=4
            break
        else:
            num = num * 1.5
            ep = num * cv2.arcLength(con, True)
            con = cv2.approxPolyDP(con, ep, True)
            continue
    return con

img=np.zeros((200,200),dtype=np.uint8)
img[50:150,50:150]=255

ret,thresh=cv2.threshold(img,127,255,0)#threshold阈值
contours,hierarchy=cv2.findContours(thresh,cv2.RETR_TREE,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

color=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_GRAY2BGR)

contours_new=[]
for contour in contours:
    contour= myApprox(contour,side_size=3)

    contours_new.append(contour)


img=cv2.drawContours(color,contours_new,-1,(0,255,0),2)
cv2.imshow('contours',color)
cv2.waitKey()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/only_ctrl/article/details/115642155

opencv c++版（指定边数）：

opencv多边形拟合（指定边数）_qq_33415794的博客-CSDN博客_opencv 四边形拟合

opencv的多边形拟合函数cv::approxPolyDP（），不能指定想要拟合的多边形的边数，然后往往很多时候，我们是已知多边形的边数的，这里在approxPolyDP的基础之上通过二分法去寻找满足要拟合的多边形的epsilon，然后得到要拟合的多边形。

//利用二分法逼近epsilon的四边形（多边形）拟合
bool myapproxPolyDP(std::vector<cv::Point> contours, std::vector<cv::Point>& rects,double minepsilon = 1, double maxepsilon = 20,int sides=4);
 
 
myapproxPolyDP(std::vector<cv::Point> contours, std::vector<cv::Point>& rects, double minepsilon, double maxepsilon, int sides)
{
	std::vector<cv::Point> rect1;
	std::vector<cv::Point> rect2;
	cv::approxPolyDP(contours, rect1, minepsilon, true);
	cv::approxPolyDP(contours, rect2, maxepsilon, true);
	if (rect1.size() > sides && rect2.size() > sides)
	{
		rects = contours;
		return false;
	}
	if (rect1.size() < sides && rect2.size() < sides)
	{
		rects = contours;
		return false;
	}
	else
	{
		if (rect1.size() == sides)
		{
			rects.resize(sides);
			for (int i = 0; i < sides; i++)
			{
				rects[i] = rect1[i];
			}
			return true;
		}
		else if (rect2.size() == sides)
		{
			rects.resize(sides);
			for (int i = 0; i < sides; i++)
			{
				rects[i] = rect2[i];
			}
			return true;
		}
		else
		{
			double midepsilon = (minepsilon + maxepsilon) / 2.0;
			std::vector<cv::Point> rect3;
			cv::approxPolyDP(contours, rect3, midepsilon, true);
			if (rect3.size() == sides)
			{
				rects.resize(sides);
				for (int i = 0; i < sides; i++)
				{
					rects[i] = rect3[i];
				}
				return true;
			}
			else if (rect3.size() < sides)
			{
				return myapproxPolyDP(contours, rects, minepsilon, midepsilon);
			}
			else
			{
				return myapproxPolyDP(contours, rects, midepsilon, minepsilon);
			}
		}
	}
	return true;
}

c++测试代码，

参数sides需要小于点的个数。

int main(int argc, char** argv) {

	std::vector<cv::Point> contours;

	
	cv::Point bb(0.5f, 0.6f);
	cv::Point aa(0.3f, 0.f);
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(0, 0));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(50, 10));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(100, 100));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(80, 200));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(40, 150));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(10, 50));
	contours.push_back(cv::Point2f(0, 30));

	std::vector<cv::Point> rects;

	int sides = 5;
	bool res;
	res=myapproxPolyDP(contours, rects, 1,20, sides);

	if (res) {
		printf("myapproxPolyDP ok ");
	}
	else {
		printf("myapproxPolyDP failed ");
	}
return 0;
}