Win32多线程程序开发(1)---创建线程

Win32多线程程序开发(1)---创建线程

分类： C&C++ | 标签：  Win32   MultiThread 

2010-03-23 15:17阅读( 272) 评论(0)

1. _beginthreadex/_endthreadex

uintptr_t _beginthreadex (

  void *security, //Pointer to a SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES structure that determines whether 

                  //the returned handle can be inherited by child processes. 

                  //If NULL, the handle cannot be inherited.

  unsigned stack_size,  //Stack size for a new thread or 0

  unsigned ( *start_address )( void * ), //Start address of a routine that begins execution 

                                         //of a new thread. The calling convention is 

                                         //__stdcall or __clrcall

  void *arglist,  //Argument list to be passed to a new thread or NULL

  unsigned initflag,  //Initial state of a new thread (0 for running or CREATE_SUSPENDED 

                      //for suspended); use ResumeThread to execute the thread

  unsigned *thrdaddr  //Pointer to address that receives the thread identifier. Might be null

);

创建一个线程. 

void _endthreadex( unsigned retval );

与_beginthread相比：

1）、创建的线程可以处于suspended状态，可以指定安全级别，可以通过threadID进行访问。

2）、线程调用的函数必须有返回值

3）、当线程创建失败时，返回0

4）、函数返回的handle可以被用于同步的API。

5）、需要在线程结束后，显示的调用CloseHandle.

示例:

#include <windows.h> 

#include <stdio.h> 

#include <process.h> 

unsigned __stdcall ThreadFunc(void* pArgs ) { 

  printf( "In second thread...\n" ); 

  _endthreadex( 0 ); 

  return 0; 

} 

int main() { 

  HANDLE hThread; 

  unsigned threadID; 

  printf( "Creating second thread...\n" ); // Create the second thread. 

  hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, &ThreadFunc, NULL, 0, &threadID ); 

  WaitForSingleObject( hThread, INFINITE ); 

  // Destroy the thread object. 

  CloseHandle( hThread ); 

}

2. CreateThread/ExitThread
HANDLE CreateThread(
  SEC_ATTRS securityAttributes,
  ULONG stackSize,
  SEC_THREAD_START startFunction,
  PVOID threadParameter,
  ULONG creationFlags,
  PULONG threadId
};

创建线程，线程结束后需要调用CloseHandle（主线程），也可以调用ExitThread结束（创建的线程）

3. _beginthread/_endthread  

uintptr_t _beginthread( 

  void( *start_address )( void * ),  //Start address of a routine that begins execution 

                                     //of a new thread. The calling convention is __cdecl 

                                     //or __clrcall

  unsigned stack_size,  //Stack size for a new thread or 0

  void *arglist  //Argument list to be passed to a new thread or NULL

); 

void _endthread( void );

当线程创建失败时，返回-1.

没有_beginthreadex安全。当_beginthread创建的线程被很快的执行完毕。返回的handle有可能会无效，因为_endthread会自动调用CloseHandle。

示例:

volatile bool threadStarted = false;

void leaker()
{
    std::cout << atoi( "0" ) << std::endl;
}

void __cdecl beginThreadFunc( LPVOID )
{
    leaker();
    threadStarted = false;
}

int main()
{
    int i;
    for(i = 0; i < 50; i++)
    {
        while( threadStarted )
            Sleep( 5 );
        threadStarted = true;
        _beginthread( beginThreadFunc, 0, 0 );//1
    }
    return 0;
}

PS：有的网上说CreateThread会导致memleak，在Win32+VS2005sp1下测试没有发现。不知是不是因为线程库已经fix bug过。