yolov8改进之CBAM注意力机制

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 21:56:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 21:56:47 发布

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分类专栏： yolov8改进文章标签： YOLO pytorch python 目标检测

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yolov8官方代码中关于CBAM中关于通道注意力机制仅实现的平均池化操作，下面代码中实现的论文整体代码

使用自己的数据集用CBAM注意力机制，涨点3%以上。

概述

CBAM引入了两种注意力机制：通道注意力和空间注意力。通道注意力有助于增强不同通道的特征表示，而空间注意力有助于提取空间中不同位置的关键信息。
在这里插入图片描述

通道注意力模块

在这里插入图片描述
通过全局最大池化和全局平均池化–>全连接层–>Sigmoid激活–>注意力加权操作实现。

空间注意力模块

在这里插入图片描述
和上述通道注意力机制一样

YOLOV8官方实现代码

在ultralytics-8.2.0\ultralytics\nn\tasks.py中的parse_model()函数中添加
在这里插入图片描述

        elif m is CBAM:
            c1, c2 = ch[f], args[0]
            if c2 != nc:
                c2 = make_divisible(min(c2, max_channels) * width, 8)
            args = [c1, *args[1:]]

在ultralytics-8.2.0\ultralytics\cfg\models\v8文件夹下创建yolov8_CBAM.yaml文件

# Ultralytics YOLO 🚀, AGPL-3.0 license
# YOLOv8 object detection model with P3-P5 outputs. For Usage examples see https://docs.ultralytics.com/tasks/detect

# Parameters
nc: 80 # number of classes
scales: # model compound scaling constants, i.e. 'model=yolov8n.yaml' will call yolov8.yaml with scale 'n'
  # [depth, width, max_channels]
#  n: [0.33, 0.25, 1024] # YOLOv8n summary: 225 layers,  3157200 parameters,  3157184 gradients,   8.9 GFLOPs
#  s: [0.33, 0.50, 1024] # YOLOv8s summary: 225 layers, 11166560 parameters, 11166544 gradients,  28.8 GFLOPs
  m: [0.67, 0.75, 768] # YOLOv8m summary: 295 layers, 25902640 parameters, 25902624 gradients,  79.3 GFLOPs
#  l: [1.00, 1.00, 512] # YOLOv8l summary: 365 layers, 43691520 parameters, 43691504 gradients, 165.7 GFLOPs
#  x: [1.00, 1.25, 512] # YOLOv8x summary: 365 layers, 68229648 parameters, 68229632 gradients, 258.5 GFLOPs

backbone:
  # [from, repeats, module, args]
  - [-1, 1, Conv, [64, 3, 2]]  # 0-P1/2
  - [-1, 1, Conv, [128, 3, 2]]  # 1-P2/4
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [128, True]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]  # 3-P3/8
  - [-1, 6, C2f, [256, True]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]  # 5-P4/16
  - [-1, 6, C2f, [512, True]]
  - [-1, 1, Conv, [1024, 3, 2]]  # 7-P5/32
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [1024, True]]
  - [-1, 1, SPPF, [1024, 5]]  # 9

# YOLOv8.0n head
head:
  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']]
  - [[-1, 6], 1, Concat, [1]]  # cat backbone P4
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [512]]  # 12
  - [-1, 1, CBAM, [512]]

  - [-1, 1, nn.Upsample, [None, 2, 'nearest']]
  - [[-1, 4], 1, Concat, [1]]  # cat backbone P3
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [256]]  # 16 (P3/8-small)
  - [-1, 1, CBAM, [256]]

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [256, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 13], 1, Concat, [1]]  # cat head P4
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [512]]  # 20 (P4/16-medium)
  - [-1, 1, CBAM, [512]]

  - [-1, 1, Conv, [512, 3, 2]]
  - [[-1, 9], 1, Concat, [1]]  # cat head P5
  - [-1, 3, C2f, [1024]]  # 24 (P5/32-large)
  - [-1, 1, CBAM, [1024]]

  - [[17, 21, 25], 1, Detect, [nc]]  # Detect(P3, P4, P5)

运行结果

                  from  n    params  module                                       arguments                     
  0                  -1  1      1392  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [3, 48, 3, 2]                 
  1                  -1  1     41664  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [48, 96, 3, 2]                
  2                  -1  2    111360  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [96, 96, 2, True]             
  3                  -1  1    166272  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [96, 192, 3, 2]               
  4                  -1  4    813312  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [192, 192, 4, True]           
  5                  -1  1    664320  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [192, 384, 3, 2]              
  6                  -1  4   3248640  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [384, 384, 4, True]           
  7                  -1  1   1991808  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [384, 576, 3, 2]              
  8                  -1  2   3985920  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [576, 576, 2, True]           
  9                  -1  1    831168  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.SPPF            [576, 576, 5]                 
 10                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']          
 11             [-1, 6]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]                           
 12                  -1  2   1993728  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [960, 384, 2]                 
 13                  -1  1    147938  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.CBAM             [384]                         
 14                  -1  1         0  torch.nn.modules.upsampling.Upsample         [None, 2, 'nearest']          
 15             [-1, 4]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]                           
 16                  -1  2    517632  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [576, 192, 2]                 
 17                  -1  1     37154  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.CBAM             [192]                         
 18                  -1  1    332160  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [192, 192, 3, 2]              
 19            [-1, 13]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]                           
 20                  -1  2   1846272  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [576, 384, 2]                 
 21                  -1  1    147938  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.CBAM             [384]                         
 22                  -1  1   1327872  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Conv             [384, 384, 3, 2]              
 23             [-1, 9]  1         0  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.Concat           [1]                           
 24                  -1  2   4207104  ultralytics.nn.modules.block.C2f             [960, 576, 2]                 
 25                  -1  1    332450  ultralytics.nn.modules.conv.CBAM             [576]                         
 26        [17, 21, 25]  1   3776854  ultralytics.nn.modules.head.Detect           [2, [192, 384, 576]]

``# 添加原版论文代码
在ultralytics-8.2.0\ultralytics\nn\modules\conv.py文件下将ChannelAttention、SpatialAttention、CBAM替换成如下代码

class ChannelAttention(nn.Module):
    """
    CBAM混合注意力机制的通道注意力
    """

    def __init__(self, in_channels, ratio=16):
        super(ChannelAttention, self).__init__()
        self.avg_pool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d(1)
        self.max_pool = nn.AdaptiveMaxPool2d(1)

        self.fc = nn.Sequential(
            # 全连接层
            # nn.Linear(in_planes, in_planes // ratio, bias=False),
            # nn.ReLU(),
            # nn.Linear(in_planes // ratio, in_planes, bias=False)

            # 利用1x1卷积代替全连接，避免输入必须尺度固定的问题，并减小计算量
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels, in_channels // ratio, 1, bias=False),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels // ratio, in_channels, 1, bias=False)
        )

        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

   def forward(self, x):
       avg_out = self.fc(self.avg_pool(x))
       max_out = self.fc(self.max_pool(x))
       out = avg_out + max_out
       out = self.sigmoid(out)
       return out * x

class SpatialAttention(nn.Module):
    """
    CBAM混合注意力机制的空间注意力
    """

    def __init__(self, kernel_size=7):
        super(SpatialAttention, self).__init__()

        assert kernel_size in (3, 7), 'kernel size must be 3 or 7'
        padding = 3 if kernel_size == 7 else 1
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(2, 1, kernel_size, padding=padding, bias=False)
        self.sigmoid = nn.Sigmoid()

    def forward(self, x):
        avg_out = torch.mean(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        max_out, _ = torch.max(x, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        out = torch.cat([avg_out, max_out], dim=1)
        out = self.sigmoid(self.conv1(out))
        return out * x

class CBAM(nn.Module):
    """
    CBAM混合注意力机制
    """

    def __init__(self, in_channels, ratio=16, kernel_size=3):
        super(CBAM, self).__init__()
        self.channelattention = ChannelAttention(in_channels, ratio=ratio)
        self.spatialattention = SpatialAttention(kernel_size=kernel_size)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.channelattention(x)
        x = self.spatialattention(x)
        return x