UnityShader案例（七）——遮罩纹理

一、使用遮罩纹理的一般流程

通过采样得到遮罩纹理的纹素值，然后使用其中某个（或某几个）通道的值（例如texel.r）来与某种表面属性进行相乘，这样该通道的值为0，时，可以保护表面而不受该属性的影响。

二、具体实现

Shader "Custom/Texture/MaskTexture"
{
    Properties
    {
        _Color("Main Color",Color)=(1,1,1,1)
        _MainTex ("Texture", 2D) = "white" {}
        _BumpMap("Normal Map",2D)="bump"{}
        _BumpScale("Bump Scale",Float )=1.0
        _SpecularMask("Specular Mask",2D)="white"{}
        _SpecularScale("Specular Scale",Float)=1.0
        _Specular("Specular",Color)=(1,1,1,1)
        _Gloss("Gloss",Range(8.0,256))=20
    }
    SubShader
    {
        Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" }
        LOD 100

        Pass
        {
            Tags{"LightMode"="ForwardBase"}
            CGPROGRAM
            #pragma vertex vert
            #pragma fragment frag

            #include "UnityCG.cginc"
            #include "Lighting.cginc"

            fixed4 _Color;
            sampler2D _MainTex;
            float4 _MainTex_ST;
            sampler2D _BumpMap;
            float _BumpScale;
            sampler2D _SpecularMask;
            float _SpecularScale;
            fixed4 _Specular;
            float _Gloss;

            struct appdata
            {
                float4 vertex : POSITION;
                float3 normal:NORMAL;
                float4 tangent:TANGENT;
                float4 uv : TEXCOORD0;
            };

            struct v2f
            {
                float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
                float3 lightDir:TEXCOORD1;
                float3 viewDir:TEXCOORD2;
            };

            v2f vert (appdata v)
            {
                v2f o;
                o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                o.uv = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.uv, _MainTex);
                TANGENT_SPACE_ROTATION;
                o.lightDir=mul(rotation,ObjSpaceLightDir(v.vertex)).xyz;
                o.viewDir=mul(rotation,ObjSpaceViewDir(v.vertex)).xyz;
                return o;
            }

            fixed4 frag (v2f i) : SV_Target
            {
                fixed3 tangentLightDir=normalize(i.lightDir);
                fixed3 tangentViewDir=normalize(i.viewDir);
                fixed4 pcakedNormal=tex2D(_BumpMap,i.uv);
                fixed3 tangentNormal;
                tangentNormal=UnpackNormal(pcakedNormal);
                tangentNormal.xy*=_BumpScale;
                tangentNormal.z=sqrt(1.0-saturate(dot(tangentNormal.xy,tangentNormal.xy)));


                fixed3 albedo=tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv).rgb*_Color.rgb;

                fixed3 ambient=UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.xyz*albedo;

                fixed3 diffuse=_LightColor0.rgb * albedo*max(0,dot(tangentNormal,tangentLightDir));

                fixed3 halfDir=normalize(tangentLightDir+tangentViewDir);
                fixed3 specularMask=tex2D(_SpecularMask, i.uv).rgb*_SpecularScale;
                fixed3 specular=_LightColor0.rgb*_Specular.rgb*pow(max(0,dot(tangentNormal,halfDir)),_Gloss)*specularMask;
                return fixed4(ambient+diffuse+specular,1.0);
            }
            ENDCG
        }
    }
}