unity中鼠标拖动UI并限制拖动区域

unity鼠标拖动UI并限制拖动区域

1、演示如下：

2、代码如下：将代码挂载到需要拖拽的ui上即可

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;

public class LimitUI_Drag : MonoBehaviour, IBeginDragHandler, IDragHandler 
{

    [Header("表示限制的区域")]
    public RectTransform LimitContainer;
    [Header("场景中Canvas")]
    public Canvas canvas;

    RectTransform rt;
    // 位置偏移量
    Vector3 offset = Vector3.zero;
    // 最小、最大X、Y坐标
    float minX, maxX, minY, maxY;
    
    void Start()
    {
        rt = GetComponent<RectTransform>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 开始拖拽
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="eventData"></param>
    public void OnBeginDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        if (eventData.button != PointerEventData.InputButton.Left)
            return;
        if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToWorldPointInRectangle(rt, eventData.position, eventData.enterEventCamera, out Vector3 globalMousePos))
        {
            // 计算偏移量
            offset = rt.position - globalMousePos;
            // 设置拖拽范围
            SetDragRange();
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 拖拽中
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="eventData"></param>
    public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        if (eventData.button != PointerEventData.InputButton.Left)
            return;
        // 将屏幕空间上的点转换为位于给定RectTransform平面上的世界空间中的位置
        if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToWorldPointInRectangle(rt, eventData.position, eventData.pressEventCamera, out Vector3 globalMousePos))
        {
            rt.position = DragRangeLimit(globalMousePos + offset);
        }
    }

    // 设置最大、最小坐标
    void SetDragRange()
    {
        // 最小x坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 - 容器轴心距离左边界的距离 + UI轴心距离左边界的距离
        minX = LimitContainer.position.x
            - LimitContainer.pivot.x * LimitContainer.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor
            + rt.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor * rt.pivot.x;
        // 最大x坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 + 容器轴心距离右边界的距离 - UI轴心距离右边界的距离
        maxX = LimitContainer.position.x
            + (1 - LimitContainer.pivot.x) * LimitContainer.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor
            - rt.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor * (1 - rt.pivot.x);

        // 最小y坐标 = 容器当前y坐标 - 容器轴心距离底边的距离 + UI轴心距离底边的距离
        minY = LimitContainer.position.y
            - LimitContainer.pivot.y * LimitContainer.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor
            + rt.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor * rt.pivot.y;

        // 最大y坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 + 容器轴心距离顶边的距离 - UI轴心距离顶边的距离
        maxY = LimitContainer.position.y
            + (1 - LimitContainer.pivot.y) * LimitContainer.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor
            - rt.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor * (1 - rt.pivot.y);
    }
    // 限制坐标范围
    Vector3 DragRangeLimit(Vector3 pos)
    {
        pos.x = Mathf.Clamp(pos.x, minX, maxX);
        pos.y = Mathf.Clamp(pos.y, minY, maxY);
        return pos;
    }
}

3、功能实现参考文章如下：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38221585/article/details/99674143?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-baidujs_title-0&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242

4、更新如下，简单修改实现拖拽区域的限制。

/*****************************************************************
*Copyright(C) 2022 by DefaultCompany 
 *All rights reserved. 
 *FileName：LimitUIDrag.cs 
 *Author：
 *Version：1.0 
 *UnityVersion：2020.3.37f1c1
 *Date：2023-03-27 
 *Description：    界面可以自由拖动，可以设置拖拽起作用的区域，并加以限制
 *History：
*******************************************************************/
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;

namespace Common
{
    public class LimitUIDrag : MonoBehaviour, IBeginDragHandler, IDragHandler
    {
        [Header("表示限制的区域")]
        public RectTransform LimitContainer;
        [Header("场景中Canvas，需要修改获取方式")]
        public Canvas canvas;
        [Header("可以拖动的UI区域")]
        public RectTransform rt;
        // 位置偏移量
        Vector3 offset = Vector3.zero;
        // 最小、最大X、Y坐标
        float minX, maxX, minY, maxY;

        void Start()
        {
            canvas = GameObject.Find("UIRoot").transform.GetComponent<Canvas>();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始拖拽
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="eventData"></param>
        public void OnBeginDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
        {
            if (eventData.button != PointerEventData.InputButton.Left)
                return;
            if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToWorldPointInRectangle(rt, eventData.position, eventData.enterEventCamera, out Vector3 globalMousePos))
            {
                // 计算偏移量
                offset = rt.position - globalMousePos;
                // 设置拖拽范围
                SetDragRange();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 拖拽中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="eventData"></param>
        public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
        {
            if (eventData.button != PointerEventData.InputButton.Left)
                return;
            // 将屏幕空间上的点转换为位于给定RectTransform平面上的世界空间中的位置
            if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToWorldPointInRectangle(rt, eventData.position, eventData.pressEventCamera, out Vector3 globalMousePos))
            {
                rt.position = DragRangeLimit(globalMousePos + offset);
            }
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 设置最大、最小坐标
        /// </summary>
        void SetDragRange()
        {
            // 最小x坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 - 容器轴心距离左边界的距离 + UI轴心距离左边界的距离
            minX = LimitContainer.position.x
                - LimitContainer.pivot.x * LimitContainer.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor
                + rt.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor * rt.pivot.x;
            // 最大x坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 + 容器轴心距离右边界的距离 - UI轴心距离右边界的距离
            maxX = LimitContainer.position.x
                + (1 - LimitContainer.pivot.x) * LimitContainer.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor
                - rt.rect.width * canvas.scaleFactor * (1 - rt.pivot.x);

            // 最小y坐标 = 容器当前y坐标 - 容器轴心距离底边的距离 + UI轴心距离底边的距离
            minY = LimitContainer.position.y
                - LimitContainer.pivot.y * LimitContainer.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor
                + rt.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor * rt.pivot.y;

            // 最大y坐标 = 容器当前x坐标 + 容器轴心距离顶边的距离 - UI轴心距离顶边的距离
            maxY = LimitContainer.position.y
                + (1 - LimitContainer.pivot.y) * LimitContainer.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor
                - rt.rect.height * canvas.scaleFactor * (1 - rt.pivot.y);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 限制坐标范围
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pos"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        Vector3 DragRangeLimit(Vector3 pos)
        {
            pos.x = Mathf.Clamp(pos.x, minX, maxX);
            pos.y = Mathf.Clamp(pos.y, minY, maxY);
            return pos;
        }
    }
}