OpenGL学习笔记（十九）uniform缓冲

对应的opengl教程：高级GLSL
uniform缓冲就是申请一个uniform缓冲对象，将要使用到的重复数据储存起来，便于为多个着色器提供uniform输入变量。
老样子上代码：
Uniform_buffer_vertShader.vert

#version 330 core
layout (location=0) in vec3 aPos;
layout(std140)uniform Matrices//std140是表示该结构体使用的std140这种布局方式
{
mat4 projMat;
mat4 viewMat;
};
uniform mat4 modelMat;
void main()
{
gl_Position=projMat*viewMat*modelMat*(vec4(aPos,1.0f));
}

Uniform_buffer_fragment.frag

#version 330 core
out vec4 FragColor;
uniform vec3 color;

void main()
{

  FragColor=vec4(color,1.0f);
}

前序工作

//创建shader对象
	Shader shaderRed = Shader("Uniform_buffer_vertShader.vert", "Uniform_buffer_fragment.frag");
	Shader shaderGreen = Shader("Uniform_buffer_vertShader.vert", "Uniform_buffer_fragment.frag");
	Shader shaderBlue = Shader("Uniform_buffer_vertShader.vert", "Uniform_buffer_fragment.frag");
	Shader shaderYellow = Shader("Uniform_buffer_vertShader.vert", "Uniform_buffer_fragment.frag");
	//拿到对应的块索引
	unsigned int uniformBlockIndexRed = glGetUniformBlockIndex(shaderRed.ID, "Matrices");
	unsigned int uniformBlockIndexGreen = glGetUniformBlockIndex(shaderGreen.ID, "Matrices");
	unsigned int uniformBlockIndexBlue = glGetUniformBlockIndex(shaderBlue.ID, "Matrices");
	unsigned int uniformBlockIndexYellow = glGetUniformBlockIndex(shaderYellow.ID, "Matrices");
	//给对应的shader绑定上对应的uniform块
	glUniformBlockBinding(shaderRed.ID, uniformBlockIndexRed, 0);
	glUniformBlockBinding(shaderGreen.ID, uniformBlockIndexGreen, 0);
	glUniformBlockBinding(shaderBlue.ID, uniformBlockIndexBlue, 0);
	glUniformBlockBinding(shaderYellow.ID, uniformBlockIndexYellow, 0);
	//申请uniform缓冲
	unsigned int uboMatrices;
	glGenBuffers(1, &uboMatrices);
	glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, uboMatrices);
	glBufferData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 2 * sizeof(glm::mat4), NULL, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//申请两个mat4的空间
	glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0);

	glBindBufferRange(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, uboMatrices, 0, 2 * sizeof(glm::mat4));//设置大小
	glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, uboMatrices);
	//填充projMat
	glm::mat4 projMat;//摄像机角度和前后剪切面大小
	projMat = glm::perspective(glm::radians(45.0f), (float)WIDTH / (float)HEIGHT, 0.01f, 100.0f);
	glBufferSubData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0, sizeof(glm::mat4), glm::value_ptr(projMat));//将0-sizeof（glm::mat4）之间填充上projMat
	glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0);
	//设置颜色，位置和Shader数组
	glm::vec3 colors[] = { glm::vec3(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f),glm::vec3(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f),glm::vec3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f),glm::vec3(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f) };
	glm::vec3 newCubePos[] = { glm::vec3(-1.0f,1.0f,0.0f),
	glm::vec3(-1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f),
	glm::vec3(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f),
	glm::vec3(1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f) };
	Shader myShader[] = { shaderRed,shaderGreen,shaderBlue,shaderYellow };

视角矩阵绑定

//设置view矩阵
		viewMat = myCamera->GetViewMatrix();
		glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, uboMatrices);
		glBufferSubData(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, sizeof(glm::mat4),sizeof(glm::mat4), glm::value_ptr(viewMat));
		glBindBuffer(GL_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 0);

绘制这四个立方体

       glBindVertexArray(cubeVAO);
		//绘制立方体
		for (size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		{
			glm::mat4 modelMat;//模型矩阵就是前面的变换矩阵
			modelMat = glm::translate(modelMat, newCubePos[i]);
			myShader[i].Use();
			myShader[i].setVec3("color",colors[i]);
			myShader[i].setMat4("modelMat",modelMat);
			glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 36);
		}

最终效果：