Unity 3D脚本编程与游戏开发【3.9】

7.1.4 贴花

        简单来说,贴花就是给模型表⾯贴上⼀个⼩贴图,如给⼈物加上⽂⾝、在墙上喷漆、颜料溅在地板上等,这些效果都可以⽤贴花表现。
        把贴花也看作⼀种特效是因为很多粒⼦发射之后,理应配合⼀些贴花。例如,爆炸后地⾯留下⿊⾊印记,下⾬后留下⽔痕,颜料喷溅后在地⾯留下颜⾊等。
        贴花在技术实现上,需要将⼩贴图沿着模型表⾯贴上去,涉及较复杂的图形学计算。因此贴花⼀般通过插件解决,如Asset Store的EasyDecal插件就是⼀个简单易⽤的选择。

7.1.5 拖尾

        拖尾也算是⼀种粒⼦效果,⽤于表现物体运动后在空间中留下的轨迹或视觉残留。例如,⻋灯在⿊暗中⾼速移动、快速挥舞的光剑都适合加上拖尾效果。Unity有专门的组件——Trail Renderer(拖尾渲染器)制作拖尾效果。

7.1.6 后期处理

        在摄影和摄像中,会在后期处理影像,如调⾊等。电⼦游戏同样也有后期效果,可以理解为在渲染的最后阶段对图像加⼀层处理。游戏后期效果的制作包括调⾊、环境光遮蔽、⾃动⽩平衡等影视⾏业常⻅的画⾯调整⼿段,另外还有⼀些与特效有关的⽅法,如Bloom(眩光)。眩光⽤于表现场景中⾮常亮的物体,这种表现⽅法会引发⼈的错觉,让⼈有⼀种亮得刺眼的感觉。眩光需要配合HDR Color(⾼动态范围颜⾊)使⽤,在颜⾊的基础上额外加⼊亮度强度的信息,如图7-3所⽰。

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he most complete mesh decal plugin available in the Asset Store since 2014. Used by professionals all around the world in hundreds of awesome projects. —————————————————— Forum | Issue Tracker | Online | Docs —————————————————— Want to try before buy? Download an evaluation version here! —————————————————— Easy Decal provides you with an easy-to-use workflow for putting decals on all types of surfaces in your game world. Enrich your virtual world with details and lift your game environment to the next level. Easy Decal not only supports diffuse textures and normal maps, but all kinds of shaders and materials. You can stick decals even to massively bumpy surfaces with ease – the dynamic geometry generator automatically adjusts all the necessary parameters (UVs, tangents, normals, etc.) in the blink of an eye. By using one tool, your decals will fit everywhere. Key Features • Works with all Unity Versions • Full editor integration • Custom materials and shaders • Contains ready-to-use prefabs • 80+ different decals included • 3D Projection (translation, rotation, scale) • Dynamic geometry • Texture Atlas Editor • Decal Animation • Edge Bleeding • Mesh Decals • Screen Space Decals • Screen Space Decals for LWRP/URP [BETA] • Deferred Decals • Static Mesh (Box/Mesh Collider needed) • Extensively tested with Oculus Rift SRP Support HDRP • Box Projector (mesh decal) • Plane Projector (mesh decal) • Unlit screen space (multiplicative) URP • Box Projector (mesh decal) • Plane Projector (mesh decal) • Lit screen space • Unlit screen space (multiplicative) Please note that not all new features are present in Unity versions smaller than 5.3. Source code is accessible on our website as additional download.

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