UEC++学习（三）之 角色死亡，切换旁观者类，高处掉血Landed等

目录

通过委托实现角色死亡

角色死亡后切换到旁观者类

角色从高处掉落扣血

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通过委托实现角色死亡

使用的是非动态多播

声明两个仅供C++使用的委托：委托要用F开头

//用于广播角色死亡
DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE(FOnDeath)
//用于广播角色血量
DECLARE_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FOnHealthChange,float)

创建这两个委托变量

	//创建委托变量
	FOnDeath OnDeath;
	FOnHealthChange OnHealthChange;

在血量减少时执行委托：Broadcast（）

void USTUHealthComponent::OnTakeAnyDamageComponent(AActor* DamagedActor, float Damage, const UDamageType* DamageType, AController* InstigatedBy, AActor* DamageCauser)
{
	if (Damage <= 0.0f || IsDead())
		return;
	Health = FMath::Clamp(Health - Damage, 0.0f, MaxHealth);


	OnHealthChange.Broadcast(Health);
	if (IsDead())
	{
		//执行委托,通知所有订阅这个委托的类
		OnDeath.Broadcast();
	}
}

在角色类中订阅绑定这两个委托

void ASTUBaseCharacter::BeginPlay()
{
	Super::BeginPlay();
	check(HealthComponent);
	check(HealthTextComponent);
	check(GetCharacterMovement());
	
	OnHealthChange(HealthComponent->GetHealth());

	//订阅委托 动态多播用AddDynamic 非动态多播用AddUObject
	HealthComponent->OnDeath.AddUObject(this, &ASTUBaseCharacter::OnDeath);
	HealthComponent->OnHealthChange.AddUObject(this, &ASTUBaseCharacter::OnHealthChange);
}


void ASTUBaseCharacter::OnDeath()
{
	UE_LOG(BaseCharacterLog, Display, TEXT("Player %s is dead"), *GetName());

	PlayAnimMontage(DeathAnimMotage);
	//关闭移动
	GetCharacterMovement()->DisableMovement();
	//五秒后销毁
	SetLifeSpan(5.0f);
}

void ASTUBaseCharacter::OnHealthChange(float Health)
{
	HealthTextComponent->SetText(FText::FromString(FString::Printf(TEXT("Hp %.0f"), Health)));
}

创建蒙太奇动画：UAnimMontage

	UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, Category = "Animation")
		UAnimMontage* DeathAnimMotage;

播放蒙太奇：PlayAnimMontage（）

	PlayAnimMontage(DeathAnimMotage);

关闭蒙太奇的自动混出，不然播放结束后会回到初始状态

角色死亡后切换到旁观者类

Controller->ChangeState():切换到旁观者 NAME_Spectating,NAME_Playing

GetCapsuleComponent()->SetCollisionResponseToAllChannels():设置碰撞体类型

	#include "GameFramework/Controller.h"


void ASTUBaseCharacter::OnDeath()
{
	UE_LOG(BaseCharacterLog, Display, TEXT("Player %s is dead"), *GetName());

	PlayAnimMontage(DeathAnimMotage);
	//关闭移动
	GetCharacterMovement()->DisableMovement();
	//五秒后销毁
	SetLifeSpan(LifeSpanOnDeath);

    //切换到旁观者类
	if (Controller)
	{
		Controller->ChangeState(NAME_Spectating);
	}
    //关闭胶囊体碰撞
	GetCapsuleComponent()->SetCollisionResponseToAllChannels(ECollisionResponse::ECR_Ignore);
}

角色从高处掉落扣血

要使用到Character中的Landed，这里可以选择重载Landed函数或者使用LandedDelegate委托

DECLARE_DYNAMIC_MULTICAST_DELEGATE_OneParam(FLandedSignature, const FHitResult&, Hit);

选择使用委托：

创建两个变量用于处理不同高度的伤害

	UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "Movement")
		FVector2D LandedDamageVelocity = FVector2D(900.0f, 1200.0f);
	UPROPERTY(EditDefaultsOnly, BlueprintReadWrite, Category = "Movement")
		FVector2D LandedDamage = FVector2D(10.0f, 100.0f);



	UFUNCTION(BlueprintCallable)
		void OnGroundLanded(const FHitResult& Hit);

使用AddDynamic：动态多播

FMath::Abs（）：取绝对值

FMath::GetMappedRangeValueClamped（），就是蓝图的MapRangeClamped

TakeDamage：ApplyDamage的底层实现

GetVelocity（）,GetCharacterMovement()->Velocity：获取速度

	LandedDelegate.AddDynamic(this, &ASTUBaseCharacter::OnGroundLanded);


void ASTUBaseCharacter::OnGroundLanded(const FHitResult& Hit)
{
    //也可以直接用GetVelocity().Z
	const float FallVelocityZ = FMath::Abs(GetCharacterMovement()->Velocity.Z);

	UE_LOG(BaseCharacterLog, Display, TEXT("Velocity %f "), FallVelocityZ);

	if (FallVelocityZ < LandedDamageVelocity.X)
	{
		return;
	}
	const float FinalDamage = FMath::GetMappedRangeValueClamped(LandedDamageVelocity, LandedDamage, FallVelocityZ);

	TakeDamage(FinalDamage, FDamageEvent{}, nullptr, nullptr);

	UE_LOG(BaseCharacterLog, Display, TEXT("Damage %f "), FinalDamage);

}