【英语：基础进阶_专项词汇拓展】H4.生物医学词汇专项提升

1.生物学科词汇

• biology 生物学
• marine biology 海洋生物学
• entomology /ˌentəˈmɒlədʒi/ 昆虫学
• ornithology /ˌɔːnɪˈθɒlədʒi/ 鸟类学
• microbiology /ˌmaɪkrəʊbaɪˈɒlədʒi/ 微生物学
• genetics /dʒəˈnetɪks/ 遗传学
• paleontology /ˌpælɪənˈtɒlədʒi/ 古生物学

2.生物类重点词汇

VERTEBRATE 脊椎动物

• vertebrate /ˈvɜːtɪbrət/

n.
any animal with a backbone, including all mammals, birds, fish, reptiles andamphibians
脊椎动物(包括所有哺乳动物、鸟类、鱼类、爬行动物和两栖动物)

The abundance of vertebrate species fell by a third between 1970 and 2006.

The heart is one of first organs to form during organogenesis(器官形成 in the vertebrate.

INVERTEBRATE 无脊椎动物

• invertebrate /ɪnˈvɜːtɪbrət/

n.
an animal with no spine(=backbone), for example a worm·
无脊椎动物

Most invertebrate species disappeared during a wave of extinctions.

The invertebrate represent 95% of the living world.

MAMMAL 哺乳动物

• mammal /ˈmæml/

n.
any animal that gives birth to live babies, not eggs, and feeds its young on milk.
哺乳动物

Humans, dogs, elephants,whales, and dolphins are all mammals, but birds, fish, andcrocodiles are not.

Mammals live in all sorts of environments including the ocean, under ground, and onland.Some mammals, bats for example, can even fly.

AMPHIBIAN 两栖动物

• amphibian /æmˈfɪbiən/

n.
an animal,such as a frog,that lives both on land and in water but must produce its eggs in water
两栖动物

• frog 青蛙
• toad 蟾蜍
• salamander 蝶螈

REPTILE 爬行动物

• reptile /ˈreptaɪl/

n.
Reptiles are a group of cold-blooded animals which lay eggs and have skins covered with small, hard plates called scales. Snakes, lizards,and crocodiles arereptiles.
爬行动物

Unlike birds and mammals, reptiles do not maintain a constant internal body temperature.

Because of their slow metabolism and heat-seeking behavior, reptiles are cold-blooded.

CARNIVORE & HERBIVORE 食肉动物

• carnivore /ˈkɑːnɪvɔːr/

n.
an animal that eats meat
食肉动物

• herbivore /ˈhɜːbɪvɔːr/

n.
an animal that eats grass
食草动物

Lions and tigers are carnivores.
Cows and sheep are herbivores.

HABITAT 栖息地

• habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/

the place where a particular type of animal or plant is normally found
栖息地

the destruction of wildlife habitat

The panda’s natural habitat is the bamboo forest

With so many areas of woodland being cut down, a lot of wildlife is losing its natural habitat.